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97.More information
After establishing that cultures and societies have a finite life span, theauthor speculates as to what is dying in the contemporary social-historical world,and how and why this is so. He also attempts to identify what is evolving from thisstate of affairs. "What has been developing, with difficulty and in a fragmentaryand contradictory way for two centuries or more, is a blueprint for a new society, asociety characterized by social and individual autonomy."
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98.More information
Keywords: Voyagiste, forfait, sous-traitance, aventure, Kirghizstan
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99.More information
Japan's foreign policy is often interpreted in light of three contradictory paradigms : weakness, strength, and difference. This leads observers to speak of an « enigma ». The many constraints that weigh down upon Japan and the many views expressed about this country indeed make it a complex object for analysis. By considering a few simple facts, however, we can see that the "strength-weakness" contradiction is chiefly due to inadequacies in the realist theory and its manipulation for political purposes. Without denying the powerful realist reflex that prevails in Japan, this article offers an alternative approach to understanding Japan's relationship with the world. The relationship with the United States, which is the axis of its foreign relations, fulfills all of the "regime's" criteria. An approach based on cognitive interests is hazardous and suggests a new paradigm: a three-circle one. An historical approach reveals the continuity of Japan's positioning as a "regional power" and the constraints that flow from this positioning. Better than the realist approach, a combination of these factors could account for the way Tokyo will manage the current situation brought about by the end of the Cold War and the Asian Crisis.