Documents found
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171.More information
SummaryThe intellectual overlapping between the rise of the West, of capitalism and of the modern world is one of the basic elements of our knowledge in the historical social sciences. The phenomenon is generally presented as a great "achievement" ("a miracle") for which an explanation or a moving force must be found. This paper looks into the main recent explanations of what is called the transition from feudalism to capitalism or the birth of modernity, by separating them into analyses of "economic conditions" and analyses of "civilisation". It then asks the question as to whether this process should be designated as miraculous or progressive, or if it would be more fitting to think of it as a monumental failure of social constraints. It points to a four-way conjunction of collapses - of the lords, the States, the Church and the Mongols. This completely unexpected and exceptional conjunction would seem to have been responsable for the birth of the aberrant structure of historical capitalism.
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172.More information
In the early 2010s, mussels cultivated by Quebec mussel farmers in various parts of the maritime regions of Eastern Quebec were subjected to unprecedented waves of predation. Several species of migratory birds, known as "sea ducks", are attacking sea-based cultivation lines, jeopardizing the province's mussel-growing industry. These phenomena of predation are being treated as a public problem, mainly by scientists and producers. However, predation appears to be a secondary issue to the more general question of the industry's economic development. While the economic and scientific producers focus on the predation problem, the public actors adopt a blame-avoidance strategy. They avoid their responsibility for the choice of a model that has encouraged predation blaming ducks and producers and reducing their material support for the industry.
Keywords: problème public, technicisation, prédation, industrie, aquaculture, public problem, technicality, predation, industry, aquaculture
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174.More information
AbstractThis article departs from WTO's lack of ability to solve the problems of globalization. The deadlock of the Doha round is seen as an opportunity to rethink the need for international trade regulations. WTO's history has shown the limits of its own practices: based on the credo of free trade, it was unable to draft an agreement between considerably different countries some of which do not accept the prevailing ideology. International trade should be subjected to rules and should not be allowed to efface fundamental rights (economic, social, and cultural). The bottom-line is that the hierarchy of international norms has to be reestablished in order to prevent those of international trade to prevail over the others. Questions of international cooperation have to be on the agenda and replace those of free trade which could never show their pertinence for development.
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175.More information
AbstractMontreal's interethnic dynamic does not correspond to any known occidental model. In the city's postmodern cultural maelstrom, plural identity referents are the norm. Located in the heart of the city, the Mile-End neighbourhood synthetizes and symbolizes better than any other the city's plural and hybrid social reality. In this article, the concept of hybridity as defined by Sherry Simon is presented as a hybrid marker, even though it as been considered pejorative in the past. Based on observations of everyday life, I propose a reflexion on the meaning and scope of the concept of cultural hybridity in the Mile-End neighbourhood. I see this aspect of Mile-End as the crystallization of an emerging « montréalité ».
Keywords: hybridité culturelle, intégration sociale, postmodernité, Montréal, quartier Mile-End, cultural hybridity, social integration, postmodernity, Montreal, Mile-End neighbourhood
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176.
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177.More information
The American film industry has a long and sustained history of silencing Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs). This paper explores early Hollywood's (pre-1950) erasure of these communities. It maps how popular narrative devices, such as the yellow peril, reflected contemporaneous bigotry and how institutional practices, such as yellowface, severely limited participation in the industry. Simultaneously, it explores how contemporaneous amateur filmmaking, including Dave Tatsuno's footage during his incarceration in the Topaz War Relocation Center, complicates these narratives. Amateur filmmaking as a medium of self-representation provided AAPIs the opportunity to reclaim their image and reassert their voice.
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179.More information
In or out of Africa, theater festivals have their specific logics of programming plays and playwrights. Therefore, companies that choose to participate in those festivals have to "lose" some of their integrity, in order to be accepted or invited. This paper tries to analyze the impact of these logics on the African companies' work, not only in aesthetic and artistic terms but also in strategic terms, since most of them are working in environments without any cultural politics and depend on Western ideas of what is or must be theater in Africa.