Search Results

The author analyzes the post-Cold War international arena thoroughly, be delineating one by one Us different systemic, geopolitical, hegemonic, and strategic metamorphoses. The emergence of a fragmented transnational subsystem — the social component of the international System — has made this era fertile ground for third-wave conflicts, i.e. cultural conflicts or shocks between civilizations. The lack of any recognized leadership and the collective exercise of the system's governability may lead one to observe that armed violence is being waged by means other than those of major inter-state wars. In such a context, one may deduce that emphasis on the concept of collective security is working to the detriment of defence-minded thinking and to the benefit of strategies for active and very early conflict prevention. The entire realm of strategy is thus open to a wide-ranging, Worldwide arena. The main consequences have been an end to the old custodial arrangements of geopolitics, thereby transforming NATO in Europe, and a renewed activism in Asia, where the trend is towards creation of a specific security subsystem. These transformations of the international System have brought about metamorphoses in the notions of enemy, boundary, conflict, and power. Such changes also highlight the « rationality deficit » now affecting the System and the proliferation of the notion of « meaning », which is everywhere lacking in consistency. The shifting of the security dilemma to the subnational, internal level has accordingly resulted from the breakup of nations and the decolonization of empires. The author concludes that it may prove useful, even valuable, to try and identify the normative elements of the post-Cold War international System and to outline, however imperfectly, the new distribution of international power. The reader will also find afresh look at the doctrinal debate about international System theory and about the epistemology of the discipline that deals with it.

Research and criticism on Franco-Ontarian literature often rely on the aesthetics of exiguity to produce an analysis of these works. More often than not, this aesthetics is associated to the Franco-Ontarian cause, centered on linguistic minorization and implicitly carried by white men. Without completely rejecting this aesthetics, this article showcases a refreshed and more inclusive reading of exiguity. As François Paré put it in Les littératures de l'exiguïté, the core principle of this aesthetics is an unequal relation to power. My analysis is based on this observation and goes beyond the usual minority experience, based on language, to include other marginalities, such as gender and sexual orientation. To illustrate this renewal of the exiguity aesthetics, I study the work of two emergent authors, Véronique-Marie Kaye and Catherine Bellemare, who rely on trash aesthetics to depict the margins.

In this article, the author investigates the ways in which Jean-Marc Ela's thought can contribute to the Africanization of interreligious dialogue education intended for young Africans. Ela's vision of education implies that schools in Africa must be African, rooted in African cultures and daily realities in order to educate authentic Africans. Using this idea as a starting point, the author also takes into account Ela's conception of interreligious dialogue : African believers must welcome pluralism in the religious field and, while celebrating their differences, put their faith and belief at the service of the common good in Africa.

This article deconstructs national categories to reveal how they are embedded in the social relations of class and race, in the context of migrations to Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates. It analyzes the racialization of national groups and class positions in the migratory hierarchy, understanding it as both a geopolitical framework that informs discourses and practices of distinction and as a local system of division of labour. The article first explores the racial meanings that underly the inequalities between nations, translated globally in migratory hierarchies and routes, and their impact locally in Abu Dhabi society. It then demonstrates how these migratory hierarchies translate into a division of labour between national groups and analyzes the racial meanings attached to class positions and the management of nationalities in the professional world. The naturalization of class relations between manager and worker associates competence and professional authority with whiteness, legitimizing the structural advantages of this in the professional world, while subaltern nationalities are assigned to working class positions and associated with depreciated professional skills.

Keywords: Expatriation, Abu Dhabi, blanchité, managers, division raciale du travail, Expatriation, Abu Dhabi, whiteness, manager, racial division of labour, expatriación, Abu Dhabi, blanquitud, dirigentes, división racial del trabajo

If Business Model (BM) concept has still lots of detractors, its merit is to place economic and financial value creation at the heart of the company performance issue. Nevertheless, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) requirement needs to extend the idea of value creation for shareholders to value creation for stakeholders as a whole and to include elements of social and environmental performance. The contribution of companies to territorial development and to preservation of employ is part of this trend. Lots of firms now make the choice to produce locally even though it has a negative impact on their cost competitiveness. Far from being minor, this choice is questioning the classical BM because it adds a social dimension to the value creation concept. Moreover, it implies a redefinition of value added chain and network organization of the company. That is what the author of this article wants to demonstrate in his research based on interviews of several managing directors of companies whose products are certified “Origine France Garantie” (OFG).

Keywords: Business Model, modèle RCOV, création de valeur, RSE, chaîne de valeur, réseau de valeur, Label Origine France Garantie, Business Model, RCOV Model, value creation, CSR, value added chain, value creation network, Origine France Garantie Label, Business Model, RCOV Model, Creación de valor, Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa (RSE), Cadena de creación de valor, Red de creación de valor, Etiqueta “Origen Francia Garantizada”

The aim of this article is to study the motivations of the partners of the international joint ventures between emerging countries and developed countries, and the impact of these motivations on the performance. The analysis was conducted on 123 international joint ventures in Turkey. The main result shows that the motivations are complementary. The Turkish parents wish to share the expenses of Research and Development; master a new technology and obtain new resources. The foreign partners are more motivated by the diversification and the expansion; the access to new markets and the compatibility of the expectations with their local partner.

Keywords: coentreprise internationale, motivations, performance, pays émergents, Turquie, International Joint Ventures, Motivations, Performance, Emerging countries, Turkey, Empresas conjuntas internacionales, Motivaciones, Resultado, Países emergentes, Turquía

SUMMARYThis team of five philosophers analyses the 18th and 19th century Quebec discourse on the subject of insanity. The 18th century saw the insane excluded from social contact with the state recognizing only their indigence. They were relegated either to the "Loges", designed to expiate their sins since insanity was linked to an abuse of mind and body, or to prison for appropriate punishment, since madness was considered to lead to crime. But economic pressures produced by the growing number in indigents, including the mentally ill, led to the creation of the Beauport asylum in 1845. The authors then describe how the urban insane, marginal to both the French Canadian and English Canadian communities* were placed in private institutions and subjected to a system of profit maximization controlled by bourgeois physicians. This situation increased the distance between proprietors and occupants, and accounts for the lack of original discourse on the subject of insanity. In addition, the reasoning of the alienist physicians was without scientific foundation, taking root rather in the dominant industrial capitalist ideology. As for the content of the discourse, the Beauport physicians borrowed from moral treatment and restraint system notions, giving them a certain Quebec character.