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Examination of the processes of Latin American 19th century history that led to a close relationship between our countries with Europe and to the strenghtening of Creole Eurocentrism. Such link was imagined as much older and intimate, but actually belongs, in the same way that in other parts of the world, to the European hegemonic period in history. In our days the change towards a new world system is giving the opportunity for overcoming Creole Eurocentrism.

Keywords: Eurocentrisme, Migrations internationales, Amérique Latine, Mentalité criolla, Eurocentrism, International migrations, Latin America, Creole mentality

This article raises six important aspects for discussion. The first outlines the dangers of interventionism; the second points to the relation between conventional arms and nuclear arms; the third reminds us of the consequences of a "nuclear winter" in the southern hemisphere; the fourth deals with relations between non-aligned peace movements and national liberation movements; the fifth points out that the support of non-aligned peace movements for national liberation movements is not unconditional. The sixth section of this article concerns the recognition of non-aligned pacifist movements by national liberation movements.

Jarett Kobek's novel I Hate the Internet, published in 2016 in the United States and translated into French in 2018, offers us, through the narrator's political positions, a vision of an Internet that links the city of San Francisco through the media and economic devices of digital technologies. This link, as well as the consequences resulting from it in political and poetic terms, is what this article proposes to study.

This article describes the findings from a qualitative study of racial profiling in policing and its effects on young people in Montreal, Quebec. In more than half of the 48 interviews, young people spoke of experiences of racial profiling by police officers. The results reveal that racial profiling is not only (or even principally) the product of police prejudices, but also sustained by organizational policies of the city's police department.

Keywords: profilage racial, jeunes racisé.e.s, police, discrimination raciale, justice criminelle

Ce travail de recherche s'inscrit dans le grand champ de l'histoire culturelle et conduit à revenir sur plusieurs concepts et notions tels que culture, mémoire, commémoration, patrimoine, tradition orale, rapport religions/traditions, civilisation et identité dans une perspective qui part de l'Afrique. C'est aussi, une recherche qui propose un regard comparatif et des analyses croisées sur deux pays que sont le Sénégal et la Gambie. Cependant, ont été plus prises en compte les actions particulières pour chaque espace politique, entreprises par des institutions distinctes et régies par des cadres législatifs et réglementaires spécifiques. C'est particulièrement évident lorsque qu'il s'est agit d'analyser la presse et l'univers scolaire. Régionalement, mais aussi par ses ambitions interafricaines et internationales, le Sénégal pèse lourd sur la Gambie, cherche à faire déborder …

AbstractEthnic communities are socio-political constructs with permeable boundaries that evolve in a dynamic way, particularly through the migration process. This article presents the historic and demographic components of the way in which South Asian groups build community in Montréal in a comparative perspective with Toronto and Vancouver. It draws on various documentary and statistical sources, including the 2001 and 2006 Canadian Census, special surveys, the Immigration Atlas of Montréal CMA in 2001, and 39 interviews with community leaders and respondents carried out in 2006. Our analysis explores the hypothesis that while linguistic and socioeconomic barriers contribute to South Asian communities' isolation and marginalisation in Montréal, they simultaneously foster a sense of community.

Keywords: communauté ethnique, Sud-Asiatique, histoire migratoire, démographie, territoires urbains, Ethnic community, South Asian, migratory history, demography, urban territories

Based on two ethnographic studies conducted in Montreal, we compare the relationship to public space and to the notion of integration among young Congolese Pentecostal who are religious believers and practitioners with that of their Chiite Lebanese peers. We first describe the processes of religious initiation and the religous and social activities of these young people in the mosques and churches. We show how the representations they have regarding their minority status in the host society impact their participation in public life. In both cases, their political behaviour reveals definitions of identity that hinge on different transnational practices. Finally, we revisit the notions of host society, public space, and integration by looking at transnationalism as a lifestyle that we link with young people's mode of commitment in public life of both groups.

Keywords: Jeunes, pentecôtistes, chiites, intégration, espace public, Youth, Pentecostals, Chiites, integration, public space