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SummaryDifferent indicators suggest that the globalization of the art market favours a territorial reconfiguration of the international world of contemporary art into a few large regional markets organized around the United States and Europe. The high degree of centralization and integration of the international art market, as measured by an increase of contemporary art fairs with international aspirations, does not, however, mean that local, national or supranational networks and art markets have disappeared. In fact, these networks and markets persist, are very diversified and work at different levels to promote the recognition of artists. This article calls into question the articulation of local and global initiatives, through a study of different globalization strategies used by Quebec galleries and their participation in international contemporary art fairs. The characteristics of the main fairs are reviewed.

The goal of this article is to review the principal regulations, scandals and questions raised by North/South clinical research in the light of 2 fundamental principles of research ethics: Autonomy and Justice.The debate on the standards of care to apply when clinical studies are exported from North to South currently rages. The 30th paragraph of the 2000 Helsinki Declaration is the object of numerous amendment proposals. It stipulates that “at the conclusion of the study, every patient entered into the study should be assured of access to the best proven prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic methods identified by the study”.In response to the debate, the World Medical Association (WMA) added an explanatory footnote in 2004, explaining that post trial arrangements must be made for study participants to have access to procedures as beneficial as the study or to other appropriate care. For some, this affected the sense of justice and equity this paragraph had before. Many are trying to think of a good way to organize more fair North/South clinical researches. One of the Fair-trade model principles is to seek equity by paying producers fair prices that have been determined through dialogue and participation of regional or local communities. Can Fair-Trade provide ideas to apply to North/South clinical researches?

Aupaluk is the smallest village in Nunavik, with a population of about 200 people. For a very long time, this territory has been coveted by mining companies because of its high concentration of minerals, but especially iron. Aupaluk is in the sights of two junior Canadian mining companies: Oceanic Iron Ore and Nickel North Exploration. These projects raise expectations and fears, particularly because of their location near the village and the limited information available. In the fall of 2017, twenty-three semi-directed interviews were conducted with community members to analyze their position in relation to mining development. Our analysis highlights many barriers that prevent community members from expressing their concerns about the projects, including inadequate consultation and communication processes, the presence of historical mining claims in the region, food insecurity and social pressure.

Keywords: développement minier, acceptabilité sociale, licence sociale pour opérer, consentement libre, préalable et éclairé, Nunavik, mining development, social acceptability, social license to operate, free, prior and informed consent, Nunavik, desarrollo minero, aceptación social, licencia social para operar, Consentimiento Libre, Previo e Informado, Nunavik

In this paper, we examine Cameroon's eastern and northern borders and argue that they are, in some parts, traversed by carceral logics and practices. Against a backdrop of rapid change, these carceral logics and practices reinforce their traditional functions, while also outlining the contours of new border spatialities. They thus reveal locally unprecedented carceral grammars, which are reflected in the use of three specific measures : drones, video surveillance and camps.

Keywords: Cameroun, carcéralité, frontières, sécurité, Borders, Cameroon, carcerality, security, Fronteras, Camerún, carceralidad, seguridad

It is a commonplace to suggest that Quebec fertility remained abnormally high until the Quiet Revolution of the 1960s. This article, however, fits into the trend of recent studies which point, on the contrary, to signs of decline in the last quarter of the 19th century. We use data from the 1901 Manuscript Census to present a more precise picture of fertility levels at the turn of the 20th century. Our results show that fertility decline was well underway within Quebec's Anglophone, Protestant bourgeoisie, which is in keeping with what is known about other parts of Canada. We also detect some not inconsequential differentials within the Francophone, Catholic majority. Besides cultural factors such as language and religion, economic and social attributes such as occupation and urban versus rural residence need to be accounted for if this situation is to be fully understood.

This article aims at analyzing the role of the two main Churches in Hungary (i.e., Roman Catholic, and Reformed) in supporting Viktor Orban and his illiberal (or Christian) democracy. After having described the political frame preceding and following his first (1998-2002) and second (2010-2014) elections as prime minister, the transformation of Fidesz in his personal party and the growing importance of cultural Christianity in his discourse, the work will focus on his intellectual and ideological (if any) grounding, on how it is spelled. The last two paragraphs sketch Hungary's recent Church(es) history and their relations with Fidesz to understand whether there are continuities or ruptures favoring or impeding compromises with the regime and whether religious dissent exists.

Keywords: religion, nationalisme, populisme, Hongrie, Orbán, religion, nationalism, populism, Hungary, Orbán

Travel does not make the writer, and many travel accounts are indeed the result of collaboration between the traveler and an erudite scribe. In this article, we will examine the specific case of Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, a French traveler who embarked for the East Indies in the seventeenth century, and his ghostwriter, Samuel Chappuzeau. Tavernier entrusts Chappuzeau with the unenviable task of transforming his journeys into captivating travelogues. The latter lends him his pen, albeit reluctantly, as he considers this practice of co-authorship to be dishonorable. This attitude is surprising given that Chappuzeau was a professional ghostwriter who had also authored travelogues such as L'Europe vivante (1667) and L'Allemagne protestante (1671). This article hypothesizes that Chappuzeau's reluctance can be attributed to the fact that Tavernier's travel narrative, and particularly the section on the East Indies, appears to be a critique of the political and religious policies of Louis XIV. Associating his name with such a work risked exposing Chappuzeau to reprisals.

Keywords: Écriture à quatre mains, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Samuel Chappuzeau, Récit de voyage, Indes orientales, Ghost writers, Travel narratives, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Samuel Chappuzeau, India

Commercial redfish fishery, which has been under a moratorium since 1995 in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, is about to reopen. Since the 1990s, the social-ecological system (SES) of redfish (Sebastes spp.) fishery in Quebec has undergone many changes: abundance of available resources, climate change, warming waters, new fisheries management principles, market transformation, et cetera. In order not to reproduce the mistakes of the second half of the 20th century leading to overexploitation of groundfish, including redfish, the actors that make up this SES must develop new practices to respond to changes. In this context, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 34 actors involved in the SES of redfish fishery in Quebec and identified the practices implemented to respond to changes. Interpreting the practices of the actors makes it possible to understand their social representations of redfish fishing. These representations determine a paradigmatic framework in which the actions of the actors take place, reflecting the behaviour of the SES in the face of disturbances. Our study reveals the absence of transformation of the SES, through the anchoring of an extractive and sectoral model concerning the use of natural resources in Canada. It also highlights a naturalistic approach preventing the establishment of an intrinsic value assigned to the ecosystems, and an omnipresence of technical innovation to the detriment of social innovation in the fisheries sector.

Keywords: adaptation, changements, golfe du Saint-Laurent, pêche, représentations sociales, sébaste, système social écologique, transformation, Adaptation, change, fishery, Gulf of St. Lawrence, redfish, social ecological system, social representations, transformation