Search Results

This article deals with the potential of legal anthropology as a basis for human rights theory. The law's transition to post-modernism has created disenchantment with the State's role in the production and protection of human rights and growing doubts about the universality of human rights claims. Legal anthropology, which promotes a unified conception of law, consideration of empirical social evidence and the acceptance of the idea of legal pluralism, is well situated to contribute to the debate concerning human rights theory, by focusing on the cultural and social representations which constitute the latter's foundation.New directions in international law and increasing recognition of the rights of aboriginal peoples require a redefinition of the scope and contents of human rights. A new formulation of human rights theory would include a hard core of rights based on values present in all cultural traditions and social systems; it would also take into account the cultural and collective dimensions of human rights.

The concept of professionalization applied to migrant musicians raises a number of challenges in sociomusicology, because it combines the impossibility to establish a career profile valid for all in music and the need to take into account several dimensions other than strictly socioprofessional to understand the process of the artist's integration in his new environment. This study was conducted in Montreal with the Constantinople Ensemble which involves several musicians born outside the country. First, the article aims to trace the individual trajectories of the migrant musicians Didem Basar, Liu Fang, Kiya Tabassian and Ziya Tabassian since their arrival in the city. Then, we will discuss the professionalization through the reconstruction of Constantinople history. This will help to understand how the ensemble has been structured, how it has established itself in Quebec musical life, and how it has acted for its members as a space for the search for a musical identity.

Keywords: ensemble Constantinople, identité musicale, insertion socioprofessionnelle, milieu musical montréalais, musiciens migrants, Constantinople Ensemble, migrant musicians, Montreal's music scene, musical identity, socioprofessional integration

The introduction of the European catfish (Silurus glanis) in French rivers is frequently covered by the media. In these articles, one of the main issues is the undesirable aspect of this species : it would be invasive and would disrupt the balance of aquatic ecosystems. However, the first scientific research on the issue (Valadou., 2007 ; Proteau et al., 2008) tends to dispute these statements. Since then, the catfish finds itself at the center of controversies. To explore the content of these debates, we analyzed the media coverage of catfish in national and local newspapers from 2003 to 2015. By applying lexical data mining, we identified different lexical unities, revealing debates surrounding catfish. Then, through a qualitative exploration of the texts, we listed the different ways to designate catfish and its impact on aquatic environments. We show that negative representations continued to be covered by media stories. Indeed, although we can observe an evolution of journalistic discourse, debate continues over the entire period. Despite the empirical findings of science, some stakeholders continue to accuse the amount of catfish of ecological disorders. This focus on invasive species shows how judgement is mainly based on the alien character of the species.

Keywords: silure glane, espèce envahissante, médiatisation, controverse, écologie, analyse lexicale, catfish, invasive species, media coverage, controversy, ecology, lexical analysis

Canadian sociologists have been significantly involved in the International Sociological Association since its inception. Three of its congresses have been held in Canada. This article maps this involvement at the level of governing bodies and research committee steering committees. A comparison of the participation of Quebec sociologists with that of English-Canadian sociologists reveals not only chronological gaps and differentiated investments (which fade from the 1990s onward in the context of globalization) but also shared dispositions toward internationalization (based on previous experiences abroad, such as doctorates obtained abroad and migratory paths).

Keywords: congrès internationaux, histoire de la sociologie, hégémonie intellectuelle, internationalisation, sociologie canadienne, sociologie québécoise, international congresses, history of sociology, intellectual hegemony, internationalization, Canadian sociology, Quebec sociology

AbstractForeign policy white papers are not well known. This paper aims at filling this gap by answering two basic questions: how do governments translate their international policy intents and how do they engage the dialogue with the diversified groups of actors interested in the foreign policymaking process ? The answer to these questions is found in the analysis of three key white papers related dimensions: white papers' nature and culture, the knowledge we have of the phenomenon, and the importance of the role these actors play in the policymaking process. We can conclude that, if white papers are indeed a non-usual form of policy statement, their shelf life is directly dependent on exogenous factors such as the international context, and endogenous factors such as domestic politics. This first cut might make us consider that, as foreign policy management tools, white papers bear a usefulness limited in time, but they are important keynotes for international governmental action.

It would seem that an opposition exists between universality and contingency. This opposition, we argue, seems to be misleading. Drawing on postcolonial theory, in this paper we develop an argument for a third avenue, that of hybridity. We use this lense to investigate intercultural interactions and their impact on management in African companies with a view to contributing to theoretical and conceptual reflections on the character and attributes of an African concept of management. We suggest that a theory of management in Africa is by definition hybrid and reflects the outcome of intercultural encounters.

Keywords: Management, Afrique, hybridité, échanges culturels, authenticité, théorie postcoloniale, Management, Africa, hybridity, cultural exchanges, authenticity, postcolonial theory, Gestión de empresas, África, hibridación, intercambios culturales, autenticidad, teoría poscolonial