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534.More information
This paper, based on long-term participative research, demonstrates that the defence of their territory by the Cuetzalan Nahua is not confined to a few encroachments. It is affirmed throughout centuries of material, political and symbolic appropriations of their homeland. To the great changes imposed on them, Spanish colonization, privatization of communal lands and the arrival of mestizo traders and planters, they replied by preserving and adapting their peasant agriculture. At the political level, they combined a juridical, peaceful struggle with direct action. At a symbolic level, they literally charged with meaning every corner of their homeland through a rich toponymy intimately linked with their collective memory. Our ethnohistorical approach allows us to analyze the construction of indigenous identity and the ecosystem in Cuetzalan, which underlay their organization controlling production, during the last few decades. It also helps to understand their present-day mobilization against touristic, mining and hydroelectric megaprojets which are being planned for the area.
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535.More information
The purpose of this article is to verify whether the cognitive map can be consid-ered as reliable to study the action logics of family-business managers. First, it will examine cognitive maps and their use in the management field. Then, it will present different action logics.This research will try to verify this hypothesis by studying the behaviour of seven different family business managers working in the Tunisian chemistry sector. The specific nature of family enterprise drives the author to give a special attention and interest to the understanding of the strategic choices of these managers.
Keywords: Entreprise familiale, Carte cognitive, Logiques d'action
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538.More information
There was a widespread belief among historians of science of my generation that high competence with regard to content and languages alone can guarantee better, more reliable results than can good philology combined with high competence in history or the other human sciences. In my casestudy of Wilbur R. Knorr's analysis of several medieval Arabic and Latin texts on the balance, or steelyard, I highlight a variety of factors that compromised time and again his understanding and interpretation of his chosen texts. I conclude that a greater openness to more complex historiographical assumptions and more sophisticated methodological approaches as well as a greater willingness to contextualize documents in numerous dimensions before coming to conclusions about their specific meaning is crucial if we are to correct and improve upon work such as Knorr's analysis of the Kitab al-qarastun, ascribed to Thābit ibn Qurra, and the Liber de canonio. The way forward is to enhance and temper philological analysis with solid analysis of scientific content within its relevant contexts.
Keywords: Islamic science, Mensuration, Thābit ibnQurra, Kitab al-qarastun, Liber de canonio, Wilbur E. Knorr
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539.