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AbstractA study of the writings of André Siegfried during the period 1906-1937 and their Leplaysian heritage explains an important stage in North-American studies in France from the standpoint of the internationalization of research matters. Leplaysian mediation is an exemplary illustration of the interrelationships between ideological themes and methods of knowledge. Thus, Siegfried's ‘radicalism' stems from a culturalism that is hard to understand without reference to the semantic galaxy of which it is an integral part. Certainly, rather than a go-between, Siegfried appears today as a passenger in the history of the social sciences. But, with no preconceived ideas, it is time to reassess the place of this passenger.

AbstractThis article proposes to reflect upon the dialectical tension between minority and majority to the level of theoretical, literary, and microsocial analysis of the “appearance” of the minority—appearance being the “who” in the “who am I ?” that declares and signifies itself in social and public space. It aims to grasp the figures of the Jew and the Black as ideal types of the minority in order to elaborate upon a specific political dimension of the minority that is constituted within the individuality, equality and anonymity of a republican citizenship. First of all, we will endeavor to carry out this study from the perspective of political and moral sociology. In order to perceive and analyze how political activity is discussed and elaborated and to see what is implicated in the appearance of the minority in the social field, we will study selected texts among certain dialogues, correspondences and essays in the field of post-colonial studies (Fanon, Hall) and the “Jewish question” (Arendt, Sartre).

In the age of new technologies, decisions have become not only collective, but also collaborative and computer-mediated. Key to decision-making, debiasing strategies help in the management of the phenomena which disrupt optimal decision-making. So, clarification of the literature on this subject reveals a universal and specific dimension in computer-mediated collaborative decisions: emotion. Emotion allows for the construction of a strategy of reduction of the biases of this type of decision with its managerial tools, to reach of mediated bias-free group consensus through emotional auto-regulation.

Keywords: Décision collaborative à distance, réduction des biais, travail émotionnel de groupe, consensus, computer-mediated collaborative decision, debiasing, emotional group labor, consensus, decisión colaborativa a distancia, limitación de los sesgos, trabajo emocional de grupo, consenso

Since 1990, the Quebec Human Rights Tribunal has strived to build a body of case law in equality matters based on reasoning specific to human rights and freedoms. Section 132 of the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, however, provides that its final judgments may be appealed with the leave of the Court of Appeal of Quebec. Having recognized that deference is required regarding the Tribunal's findings, the case law now announces that its decisions should receive the same treatment as any judgment rendered by a court of first instance. The author argues that, to take the Tribunal's specificity into consideration, the National Assembly of Quebec should abrogate the right of appeal with leave to expressly include in the Charter that the Tribunal's final judgments must be examined in light of the test of reasonableness.

This essay seeks firstly to define maurrassism within the context of French political ideology. Secondly, it examines the degree to which maurrassism penetrated French Canada's intellectual culture. By comparing French Canada with Belgium, the author explores the extent to which one can speak of a genuine maurrassian influence in French Canada or rather of cultural and political transfers. Finally, the essay shows that the vision of French Canada held by Charles Maurras and his disciples was primarily conditioned by their vision of France and was not, therefore, the result of a real effort to understand French Canada itself.

In this paper, the dynamics of early coffee production in the Americas are identified through cross-referencing of historical, genealogical, agronomic, and climatological data. We revisit the history of the diffusion of the coffee-tree, growing in the greenhouses of Amsterdam, towards the Dutch colonies by means, amongst others, of the barely exploited works such as by the English botanist Richard Bradley. In 1714, the latter spent time in the Hortus medicus of Amsterdam permitting us to propose corrections in the early historiography of the diffusion of coffee-trees. We start with the analysis of the Bradley's work and continue with a synthesis on the diffusion of coffee-trees in European greenhouses and their introduction into the Dutch colonies of the Guianas (Suriname, Essequibo, Berbice) and Curaçao. The date of 1714 can be retained as introduction date of the coffee-tree in Suriname from the greenhouses of Amsterdam but the introduction of coffee actually shows two seperate sequences (1696-1700 and 1706-1723). The gap (1701-1705) between these sequences can be related to climatic changes and possibly linked to temporary global warming. Finally, we also stress the importance of coffee-tree trade between colonies and the start of new plantations by comparing family ties, the roll of taxes (capitation) and local legislation revealing new insights on the situation in Suriname during the first decade of the XVIIIe century, prelude to the economic success of investors in this new cash crop.

Keywords: Coffea arabica, café, caféïculture, construction et échanges de savoirs, Richard Bradley, serres d'Amsterdam, Hortus medicus, Suriname, Essequibo, Guyanes, cultures coloniales, transferts de plantes, modélisation, paléo-climat, XVIII