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The goal of this article is to reflect on how Francophone identity is represented in three Fransaskois plays: Lorraine Archambault's De blé d'inde et de pissenlits, André Roy's Il était une fois Delmas, Sask… mais pas deux fois! and Joey Tremblay's Elephant Wake. I analyze the discourses contained in these works with the help of concepts developed by scholars who, from a sociological and cultural perspective, investigate the reality of Francophones living in a minority context (Monica Heller, Normand Labrie, Joseph Yvon Thériault and François Paré) and who focus on the production and reception of Fransaskois drama while studying the strategies of inclusion and resistance contained within it (Marie-Diane Clarke, Nicole Côté, Deborah Cottreau, Louise Ladouceur, Shavaun Liss, Jane Moss, Ian C. Nelson and Nicole Nolette). After drawing a distinction between works that are primarily community-oriented and those which are more concerned with aesthetics and form, the article concludes with a defense of such occasional accommodations within the sphere of Francophone theatre in Western Canada as the use of surtitles, as this type of strategy has proven itself essential to the survival and growth of a minority art form that allows members of the Fransaskois community (whether by birth or adoption) to assert their identity on stage.

The Egyptian author Albert Cossery, who wrote in French, provides a raw, timeless and yet devoid of orientalism view of Cairo society which is unique in Arab literature, and has garnered him unanimous appreciation in France. However, the reception of Cossery's recently published works in the United States reveals a transatlantic cultural gap, both in terms of criticism and literary analysis. While the Anglo-Saxon world tends to view the work from a postcolonial and politically contemporary perspective, on the French side a more individual and history-grounded approach prevails, as attested by the interest literary genetics arouses in France. The translation of some passages likely to shock in Cossery's novels thus raises the issue of fidelity to the author's voice, which resonates differently as it is decontextualized and distanced from Cossery's personal history. The American translators have displayed openness to the writer's vision and empathy with his characters; nevertheless, they have carried out some smoothing out of a moral nature in these problematic passages, possibly in an attempt to resolve the tension between the adequacy and social acceptability of the translation as defined by Gideon Toury (1995/2004).

Keywords: littérature égyptienne, traduction littéraire, postcolonialisme, censure, génétique littéraire, Egyptian literature, literary translation, postcolonialism, censorship, literary genetics, literatura egipcia, traducción literaria, post-colonialismo, censura, genética literaria

The increasing number of users of smart drugs on university campus, go-pills in the army or coast-to-coast meds in long-distance truckers is a invitation to revisit the growing legitimacy of  the «adaptive use » of psychostimulants through a reinterpretation of the traditional categories through which functionalists and interactionists tried to understand the legitimate modes of adaptation and social inadaptation. Could we envisage new categories of deviance «by excess » of integration such as the over-obedience or hyper-responsibility ? Should we encourage the use of mid-ethical and mid-sociological oxymorons to characterize practices increasingly common but whose legitimacy is problematic such as “conformist innovation,” or the practice of “appropriate doping” ? Through the case study of smart drugs, we mobilize the concepts of pharmaceuticalization and biosociality to identify some of the sociological features of the ideal-typical figure of the insider (both avant-garde consumer, hypersocialized individual, responsible innovator, etc.) which is, in principle, the reverse image of the famous Howard Becker's outsider.

Keywords: Insiders, smart drugs, pharmaceuticalisation, déviance, psychostimulants, biosocialité, Insiders, smart drugs, pharmaceuticalization, deviance, psychostimulants, bio-sociality, Insiders, Smart drugs, farmaceuticalización, desvío, psicoestimulantes, bio- sociabilidad

This interview with author Boubacar Boris Diop deals with Wolof literature, the teaching and writing of national languages in Senegal and the Senegalese publishing industry. Diop first looks back at his experience in Rwanda and how it influenced his decision to write in his native language, Wolof. He then traces a brief history of Wolof literature before responding to common objections regarding the writing and teaching of national languages, and outlines the main challenges that his country faces regarding the promotion of national languages in both education and literature. The interview covers a wide range of topics, from the position of French language in Senegalese educational system to the much-debated issue of the languages used by African writers in their works of fiction.

The Raconter la vie publishing site has amassed a collection of six hundred narratives over its two years of existence. The large number of stories it has encouraged in this way presents a mosaic made up of fragments of numerous lives that can be the object of sociology from different angles focused on a specific pattern or topic. One can still try to identify types of narratives : testimonies, social life stories or even artistic performances. Through a survey, we have chosen to meet some of the main actors of this digital stage, starting with the site's linchpin, the web editor, her contributors, called community editors, and the authors. Our goal was to examine the production of these stories and the proposal of their digital publication with respect to the authors' writing and reading practices, taking into account a writing culture, or even the reference of a literary culture. The authors discuss a variety of practices from personal diaries to the experience of writing workshops and professional writing. Many of them are adept at using digital resources : blogs, networks and platforms. The support of a renowned traditional publisher, the commitment of a Collège de France professor, the editorial team's competency—with double reading of manuscripts and help with technical layout—serve the authors' widely shared latent desire to be published. Something that would help them consider themselves amateur authors and cherish the hope of being recognized as writers. Failing to promote an impossible parliament of invisible authors, the publisher's site preserves the narrative form and at the same time supports the figure of the amateur author. It could be likened to a king size writing workshop with prisms of the digital world in which we are deprived of the sociability of shared readings, but allowed to play multiple identity games, those of characters and authors called upon to tell society's genuine story and who are so strongly seeking publishers.

Keywords: pratiques d'écriture et de lecture, culture de l'écrit, auteur amateur, sociabilités d'écriture, writing and reading practices, culture of writing, amateur writer, sociability of writing, prácticas de escritura y de lectura, cultura escrita, autor aficionado, socialización de la escritura

At all times, humans have had an ambivalent attitude towards children : the need to protect them in order to preserve through them some claim on immortality; and the need to protect themselves from them, since as the saying goes, they will bury us all. All human cultures have known this dual conception of childhood which has engendered many movements, but the second claim seems to have won more often than not. The need to hold children at bay, to control them, even by violent means, has dominated our cultures for centuries, until such time as there emerged, albeit hesitantly, the notion that children had rights and that these should be enshrined in treaties much like the human rights treaties that inspired them. There remains of course a long road ahead.

Keywords: Droits de l'enfant, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Janusz Korczak, Convention internationale des droits de l'enfant, Violence, Rights of the child, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Janusz Korczak, UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, Violence

Can people be found guilty of a criminal offence simply by being present in a certain place? The following text answers this question by analyzing the essential elements of either committing an offence or participating in an offence committed by another person.This article will show that simple presence by itself does not constitute the material element of a crime as given in the Criminal Code. Further analysis, however, demonstrates that physical presence in a location could correspond to criminal participation as stated in paragraphs 21(1)b) or 21(1)c) of the Criminal Code.

Hieronymus Cock's view of the Capitoline Hill, published in his 1562 series on Roman ruins, has long been considered a useful document by historians of art and architecture for the key historical and topographical information it contains on one of Rome's most celebrated sites during the Renaissance. Beyond its documentary nature, which, as will appear, was essentially rhetorical, the view also offers much information as to how a mid-sixteenth-century Flemish artist might perceive Rome's illustrious topography and celebrated ancient statuary. In other words, Cock's engraving enables us to put into practice what may be called an “archaeology of the gaze.” Through previously unnoticed details, Cock invents a comical—verging on the satirical—vision of the antique sculptures proudly displayed on the famous piazza. Such an ironical reversal of Italian classical dignity is typical of the attitude of some contemporary Flemish artists, such as Pieter Bruegel the Elder, who was then close to Cock, and exposes the ambivalent position of some Northern European artists towards the classical tradition and Italian art theory. Finally, the analysis of other engravings of ruins by Hieronymus Cock where two emblematic characters—the draftsman and the kakker (the one who defecates)—appear side by side, sheds light on the origin and possible significance of these comical and subversive details.