Documents found
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102.More information
Even though they may appear at first glance as radically different, Québécois and Israeli societies nonetheless offer startling similarities when it comes to the centrality of language in the creation of a national identity. This is also true concerning the language policies put in place by the different Québec and Israel governments, notably vis-à-vis recent immigrants, cultural minorities, the official use of French and Hebrew, and resistance to the dominance of English. These parallel developments have appeared despite the fact that Hebrew is a reborn language, in fact one of the rare instances in the twentieth century of an idiom revived after an almost total eclipse, and Québec French an emergent language similar to many other minority languages in Western European countries. These socio-linguistic considerations eventually bring us back to the concept of nation-state as it appeared at the time of the French Revolution, and which found among East-European Jews unique applications that heralded the rise of the Zionist movement and the creation of the state of Israel.
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103.More information
This article explores how the globalized concept of « blackness » that circulates via American hip-hop culture offers a certain reference point that allows many young Ethiopian Jews to anchor themselves within the Israeli landscape. I address the way in which dynamics related to identity take shape through Israeli and Ethiopian constructs of race and ethnicity. In particular I look at one of many strategies used by Ethiopian Israeli youths to stake their place in Israeli society, that is the claim of being Black Jews. This racial label is appropriated by numerous teenagers by way of their identification with hip-hop culture. I propose to analyze how the discourse they produce is articulated to the history and experience of African-Americans, while keeping in mind the constant changes experienced by their community since the beginning of the 19th century and the socio-cultural, political and religious distances that differentiate Israel from the United States.
Keywords: Culture des jeunes, hip-hop, négritude, racialisation, Éthiopiens Israéliens, Youth culture, hip-hop, blackness, racialisation, Ethiopian Israelis, Cultura Juvenil, hip-hop, negritud, racialización, Israelíes Etíopes
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104.More information
Until recently, Montreal yiddish literature had remained unaccessible to readers from outside the Jewish community. This stemmed largely from the fact that few non-Jews had been able to gain a working knowledge of the language. Outside the Yiddish speaking circles, very little had filtered about the existence of these works. The translation in French, in the last few years, of the memoirs of three prominent East-European immigrants established in Montreal in the period of the great migration (Israël Medresh, Simon Belkin and Hirsch Wolofsky), has done a lot to reverse these perceptions and to explain the context into which this literature has emerged in Montreal. The present article proposes some reflexions on this little known and very original contribution to the literature of Quebec.
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106.More information
Before the Second Vatican Council, the Catholic Church considered the Jewish people to have committed deicide ; in the Church's eyes, they were condemned and cursed by God. After this event, it gave up what was called “Replacement Theology,” engaged in dialogue, asserted the permanency of God's choice of Israel, and considered Jews as “elder brothers.” In this article, the author explores the role of the Congregation of Our Lady of Sion in the evolution of the way in which the Catholic Church has viewed Jews and Judaism. This role has brought about a theological rethinking and a change of mindset, which led, more or less directly, to the declaration Nostra Aetate of the Second Vatican Council.
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108.More information
A. M. Klein's allegorical novel, The Second Scroll, contains a surprising episode describing the “near-conversion” of its protagonist to Catholicism. Why did Klein choose to explore the theme of apostasy, a subject rarely treated in Jewish literature? In what ways does conversion emerge as a theme in postwar relations between Jews and French Canadians? These questions are explored in relation to another conversion narrative, Karl Stern's Pillar of Fire which was published in 1951, the same year as The Second Scroll.