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Within the lens of historical and memorial debates, this article analyzes the life stories of Jews who emigrated from Morocco in the 1950s to settle in Montréal. Providing new insights on the migratory process, the seven interviewees offered the authors rich narratives, full of their blurred memory and silences. The authors suggest that behind the unspoken words can be heard, by default, an echo of the mythical Jewish history of exodus in which Francophone space has become one of the centres of gravity. The seven oral interviews were part of the larger Montréal Life Stories study that took place between 2008 and 2012.
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AbstractMy analysis examines memory and identity constructions among three generations of Montreal Jews of Moroccan origin. Emphasis is placed on opinions towards ultra-orthodox movements which reveal positioning of their own Jewish and Sephardic identity, in a differentiating process from their Ashkenazim fellow Jews. Analysis of relations to the past and memory constructions, as well as the historiography of relations between Ashkenazim and Sephardim since the 1492 expulsion from Spain, results in a partial questioning of these two ethno-religious categories. Like memory's social frames, the notion of frontier sheds light on contemporary processes of representations of self and others, inside this diasporic entity, therefore negotiating, at once, its relations with the local society, its internal frontiers and its transnational dynamics.
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Over the last decade, various studies have examined Adrien Arcand's fascist and anti-semitic papers, as well as the movement he led, which attracted a few hundred followers in Quebec during 1930s. Yet little has been written about Arcand's international influence. In the 1930s, he built up a solid reputation among champions of anti-Semitism around the world by actively participating in the distribution of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion and by publishing The Key to the Mystery, a highly anti-Semitic brochure that aimed to prove the authenticity of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion. Arrested in 1940, Arcand was detained for the remainder of the Second World War. From his release in 1945 until his death in 1967, he continued to correspond with the world's leading anti-Semites : Henry Hamilton Beamish, Arnold Spencer Leese, Sir Barry Domville, Gerald Hamilton, Robert Edmundson, and Henry Coston. His most famous admirer, the German-Canadian Holocaust denier Ernst Zündel, who was deported from Canada in 2002 to serve a seven-year prison sentence in Germany, considered Arcand to be his mentor.