Documents found
-
271.
-
272.More information
In the wake of the fall of Baghdad in the spring of 2003, the Americans created a number of mechanisms designed to define the modalities upon which the Iraqis will face the heritage of thirty-five years of dictatorship. The dissolution of the army and the dismantling of the Baath party constitute their centerpiece. The devastative impact of these measures on the reconstruction process was drastic and immediate: the dismissal of thousands of government workers based solely on the fact that they were part of the political party previously in power. Through operating a blatant purge of the administration, the process assumed the form of a collective punishment. Reacting to the strong internal and international criticism, a new law was enacted in 2008 in order to align the Iraqi process with the best practices in terms of transitional justice. Through a critical analysis of its theoretical foundations and its practical implications, this contribution seeks to outline the important cleavage that persists between the new mechanism and the finalities of transitional justice. It appears that beyond superficial alterations, the post-conflict legal system remains irrevocably defective, inadequate and partial. Instead of favouring national reconciliation, it contributes to digging deeper the sectarian divide, leading the country to a deadlock.
-
276.More information
The Economic Cooperation Organization has been created by Iran, Turkey and Pakistan to improve the trade and economic exchanges between the participating states. After the demise of the Soviet Empire, the Central Asian Republics, Azerbaijan and Afghanistan have joined the Organization. The internal problems of the ten States members OJECO have been aggravated by foreign intervention, especially the Russian hegemony over the region. This interference complicates the integration process and jeopardizes the effectiveness of the Organization.
-
277.
-
278.