Documents found
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271.More information
Inclusive education, which advocates for schooling in the most normal setting possible, stands as the preferred way to promote the educational success of all students. Yet in spite of the conditions suggested to support inclusive education, students with behavioural difficulties continue to struggle in their educational experience. Is it possible that these conditions fail to take the students' point of view into account? A literature review method (n = 42 studies: 31 qualitative, 2 quantitative, 7 mixed, 2 reviews) was conducted to pinpoint the conditions that support or hinder regular classroom schooling, according to students exhibiting behavioural difficulties. In both cases, the most frequently mentioned condition was students' relationship with their teacher. The results are discussed in light of the studies' methodological characteristics, with a view to guiding future studies.
Keywords: éducation inclusive, classe ordinaire, difficultés comportementales, recension des écrits, perception des élèves, inclusive education, regular class, behavioural difficulties, literature review, student perception, educación inclusiva, clase regular, dificultades comportamentales, recensión de escritos, percepción de los alumnos
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272.More information
This multiple case study aims at better understanding Youth Mental Health Care dedicated to refugee families. We collect qualitative data with 8 refugee families and their health care professionals. Our analysis reveals two tendencies in the health care dynamics. Well-coordinated care seemed to contribute to recreating the social bonds for refugee families, who suffered from collective violence. However, institutional violence may contribute to the original traumatic experience for refugee children. Results are discussed within the ethno psychiatry and social suffering conceptual frameworks.
Keywords: familles réfugiées, santé mentale jeunesse, violence institutionnelle, trauma, refugee families, youth mental health, institutional violence, trauma
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273.More information
Introduction: Les enfants atteints d'un trouble du déficit de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH), un trouble neurocomportemental répandue à l'enfance, démontrent un comportement persistant d'inattention et un comportement hyperactif et / ou impulsif plus sévère que leurs pairs. La littérature sur le sujet indique le besoin de prôner une approche holistique pour comprendre les limites fonctionnelles associées au profil complexe de l'enfant atteint d'un trouble de l'attention. Les ergothérapeutes se trouvent dans une position privilégiée pour faire progresser la compréhension de TDAH.Objectifs: Fondé sur la science d'application des connaissances, la première partie de ce projet visait à examiner la littérature en décrivant la recherche en ergothérapie chez les enfants / jeunes souffrant de troubles de l'attention. La deuxième partie a consisté de diffuser un sondage afin …
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274.More information
Although there is an increasing body of psychoeducators who rely on evidence-based approaches, it is also common for them to employ alternative methods in the context of their daily practice. More often than not, the validity of these theories has yet to be established. Among the complementary approaches, homeopathy is one that could supposedly treat various psychosocial problems, including ADHD, learning disorders, anxiety, fear, etc. The objective of this article is to determine whether or not such an alternative therapy should be considered an appropriate course of treatment for psychosocial issues as well as all of the other disorders allegedly treated by homeopathy. This article is divided into five parts. Firstly, we discuss the historical background of homeopathy in the context of modern chemistry and pharmacology. The second part of this text is dedicated to what is nowadays referred to as ‘‘water memory'', a concept seized by homeopaths in an attempt to justify their claims regarding the efficiency of products lacking active molecules due to over-dilution. Thirdly, we outline the current state of research concerning the effectiveness of homeopathic treatments. In part four, we briefly demonstrate that veterinary homeopathy isn't more efficient than homeopathy applied to humans. Finally, in part five, we ponder the ethical issues surrounding the prescription of homeopathic products and the use of vaccines of the same nature in consideration of their potential consequences.
Keywords: homéopathie, pseudosciences, mémoire de l'eau, médecine alternative et complémentaire, éthique, effet placebo, homeopathy, pseudosciences, water memory, alternative and complementary medicine, ethic, placebo effect
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275.
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276.More information
Agitation, impulsivity, opposition, provocation, aggression and emotional instability are typical externalized behavior of young preschool and school age children. When they are both frequent and intense, teachers consider them as « hard to manage » because they are likely to prevent children's social integration with peers as well as learning outcomes. The epidemiology of externalizing problems is such that most of the teachers are regularly concerned with hard to manage pupils. Some of them feel incompetent and even suffer from burn-out. Others engage instead in a continuous search for solutions which sometimes lead them out of their role. The current approach's framework is the developmental psychopathology approach. It intends to provide a series of 12 successive steps. The teachers are invited to take an active role, to collaborate with « co-educators » both from the school and the family settings, to focus on a limited number of objectives and to assess their intervention with the child. The protocol also aims to establish this support at the school level in order to increase the consistency and effectiveness of the approach
Keywords: comportements externalisés, coéducation, milieu scolaire, temporalité, externalized behavior, coeducation, school, sequentiality
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277.More information
In school settings, the psychoeducator plays a key role in assessing students with adaptation difficulties, as well as social, emotional and behavioral problems. At present, little information is available on what psychoeducators specifically do when assessing students with behavioral problems. Therefore, this descriptive study aims to present the evaluative practice of psychoeducators in primary schools in Quebec taking into account their level of education (bachelor vs master degree) and region (urban vs rural). The mixed methods design of research combines data from six focus groups (n total of participants = 34), telephone interviews (n = 21) and questionnaires (N = 159). The results indicate that the evaluative practice of psychoeducators is homogeneous considering their level of education and their region. In addition, the results show that psychoeducators report having an assessment practice that closely matches the recommendations of practice in the field of assessment in the school setting. Finally, the results highlight the needs of the psychoeducators and the constraints they face when performing assessments, the latter being perhaps caused by professional identity issues.
Keywords: évaluation, troubles du comportement, psychoéducation, école primaire, assessment, behavior problem, psychoeducation, primary school
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Clinical-administrative databanks are a key tool in support of public health decision-making. A number of databanks are available relevant to population needs, resources available, as well as performance indicators. Since the 2000s, considerable efforts have been dedicated to the consolidation of findings and development of tools aimed at improving surveillance with respect to the health status of populations and performance of the social and healthcare system. At the annual congress of the Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS), held in 2017 at McGill University, a seminar was organized on the utilization of databanks in mental health and in addiction. This seminar featured an expert discussion on subjects related to: identification of the principal clinical-administrative databanks, the extent of their use, their limitations, and solutions aimed at optimizing the development of databanks to better support the management of services. This article summarizes the content of this seminar. While databanks entail important strengths, including great potential for the generalization of information, they also present limitations regarding their capacity to respond to needs, quality and validation issues, as well as accessibility. Various recommendations were proposed to improve the management of databanks and optimize their impact, including their centralization in a single, and highly accessible autonomous organism, and societal and cultural change favoring performance evaluation in the interest of improving practices and better monitoring health results.
Keywords: banques de données clinico-administratives, utilisation des banques de données, limites des banques de données, soutien à la prise de décision, troubles mentaux, dépendance, clinical-administrative databanks, databanks use, databank limitations, support to public health decision-making, mental disorders, substance use disorders