Documents found
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231.More information
Background: In Canada and several other countries, large cohorts of patients who used to be followed in psychiatric clinics are now steered toward primary care. To support this new reality, measures have been taken and investments made in service organization, collaborative work arrangements, and teaching geared toward primary care clinicians. However, these initiatives were implemented when little was known about GPs' needs.Methods: Using a qualitative approach, we analyzed the content of GPs' statements to explore when, why, and for what concerns GPs are inclined to collaborate with or seek advice from psychiatrists.Results: The results provide an innovative understanding of their practice and its boundaries and suggest that the management of patients with mental health problems in primary care is actually very different from what is done in psychiatry.Conclusion: Uncertainty about the broad spectrum of what is normal, the longitudinal aspect of the relationship, and the proximity of the soma are among the specificities we found that could be helpful in organizing care and educating primary care clinicians and medical students more coherently and efficiently.
Keywords: médecine familiale, omnipraticiens, santé mentale, psychiatrie, recherche qualitative, mental health, primary care, general practitionners, psychiatry, qualitative research
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232.More information
Le seul critère de qualité de l'eau potable relié au Mn est d'ordre esthétique et correspond à une concentration ≤ 50 µg/l. Au Québec, le manganèse (Mn) est souvent présent naturellement dans un certain nombre de municipalités qui s'approvisionnent en eau à partir des aquifères. Dans une perspective de santé environnementale, nous avons (i) examiné la législation, ainsi que les acteurs sociaux impliqués dans la question de l'eau potable et (ii) étudié les impacts potentiels du Mn dans l'eau de consommation d'une municipalité qui s'approvisionne à partir d'une nappe phréatique présentant une concentration moyenne de 500 µg/I pendant plus de dix ans pouvant être associée à des troubles de comportement chez les enfants. Après approbations du comité de déontologie de l'Université du Québec à Montréal, …
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233.More information
In Quebec, the education of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be a challenge, particularly because of the significant increase in the prevalence of this neurodevelopmental disorder. The aim of this study is to better understand the satisfactions and dissatisfactions of parents of children with ASD regarding the school environment to identify avenues for intervention to support a family-school partnership respecting these families' needs and rights. The reflective thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews carried out with 21 families led to three main results: 1) in Quebec, the experiences lived by families differ from one family to another and within the same family from one school year to another, 2) the elements of satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the parents with regard to the personnel concern the attitudes, skills and stability of the interveners and 3) the elements of parents' satisfaction and dissatisfaction with school services concern access to specialized services, specialized support for school staff and integration into regular classes. These results lead us to think about the school services offered to students with ASD and their families, as well as how to include them in their child's school trajectory.
Keywords: trouble du spectre de l'autisme, milieu scolaire, parents, autism spectrum disorder, school, parents
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234.More information
Contexte: Le trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) est un trouble neurodéveloppemental qui touche près de 5 % de la population mondiale. Il est donc important de trouver des traitements efficaces pour permettre aux jeunes d'atteindre leur plein potentiel. Bien que les interventions pour les enfants avec un TDAH ont montré une amélioration du fonctionnement, les interventions manquent d'efficacité de longue durée, en ce sens que les bénéfices du traitement peuvent s’atténuer ou se perdre sans un suivi approprié.Objectifs: Ce projet vise à examiner les caractéristiques individuelles et sociodémographiques des enfants atteints de TDAH qui ont été suivis dans la communauté, explorer les types de suivi disponibles dans la communauté, et déterminer les liens entre les types de suivi et le maintien des acquis …
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235.More information
This case analysis aims to describe the clinical manifestations of three children with a diagnosis of Reactive Attachment Disorder and interpret them in the light of possible neurocognitive impairments. The emotional and behavioral difficulties, the attachment representations, and the clinical history of the children are first presented. Some common factors are then highlighted. An integration of their difficulties, their neurobiological disorders, and knowledge from the neurosciences concerning attachment disorders is elaborated. Finally, the limits of this case study are discussed and some ideas for future research are exposed.
Keywords: trouble réactionnel de l'attachement, neurosciences, psychopathologie, reactive attachment disorder, neurosciences, psychopathology
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236.More information
The importance of children and youth mental health is increasingly recognized. This rapidly developing field cannot be conceptualized as an extension of adult services to a younger age group and its developmental and organizational specificities are the object of debate. Reviewing recent literature in this domain and some preliminary information about the Quebec Mental Health Plan implementation, this paper addresses some of the questions which structure this debate in Quebec.Quebec mental health plan has put at the forefront collaboration among disciplines and partnership among institutions. In spite of having produced significant improvement in the field, discontinuities in services, which interfere with an ecosystemic model of care, persist. Recent studies suggest that the organisational climate which surrounds youth mental health services has a direct impact on the quality of services and on youth health outcomes. A flexible management structure, which engages clinicians and health workers, favors empowerment, minimizes work stress and facilitates partnership, is needed to foster successful interdisciplinary and intersectorial collaboration. This collaboration is the cornerstone of youth mental health services.
Keywords: santé mentale, services, enfant, partenariat, intersectoriel, Mental health, services, children, partnership, intersectorial
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237.More information
For a few years now in France, parents and professionals working with children have expressed their feeling that children are now more “difficult”. There is a consensus on the importance of psychological prevention work as of early childhood. But what kind of prevention ?There are two models of prevention at present that can be summed up schematically as follows: one that is mechanistic and predictive, and one that is pre-emptive, which we call “prevention in rhizome”.We point out the limits and deviations of mechanistic prevention and how its predictive aims may be pathogenic and may even induce what it is supposed to avert.We then present the methods of pre-emptive prevention as practised currently “in rhizome”.Lastly, early psychological intervention and the educational and societal issues that pervade it are placed in perspective, such as the issue of developing the basic foundations of socialization among young children, to guide the actions of professionals and parents alike.
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239.More information
This article will attempt to explain why the consumption of psychotropic medications is increasing in Western societies. To do so, rather than trying to gain insight into this question in the usual, somewhat classic manner (i.e., by questioning the boundaries between the normal and the pathological), we will instead approach it by analyzing some of the mechanisms that today put medication at the centre of our daily lives. In this article, I argue that the «success» of psychotropic medications can be seen as an epiphenomenon of the success of medications in general. After deconstructing some of the postulates or «myths» on which studies of psychotropic medication use are too often based, I will offer explanations at several levels for the «success» of medications in contemporary Western societies by identifying the threefold «obsession» that has arisen around body, health, and risk.
Keywords: psychotropes, médicaments, risque, modernité, santé mentale, psychotropics, medications, risk, modernity, mental health, psicotrópicos, medicamentos, riesgo, modernidad, salud mental
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240.More information
Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur l'examen des variables développementales (âge, sexe), environnementales (événements de vie stressants), personnelles (impulsivité et agressivité), cognitives (désespoir et difficultés de résolution de problèmes) et les troubles mentaux (dépression, anxiété, comportements perturbateurs, TDAH, consommation de substances) susceptibles d'expliquer la présence d'idées suicidaires chez les adolescents. Pour ce faire, deux études transversales constituent ce travail de recherche. En plus de l'introduction et de la conclusion, cette thèse comprend six chapitres, à savoir : 1) le cadre théorique et les objectifs, 2) la méthodologie, 3) le premier article publié dans la Revue de psychoéducation, 4) le deuxième article publié dans la Revue québécoise de psychologie, 5) le troisième manuscrit qui sera soumis à la revue américaine Adolescence, et 6) la discussion générale. …