Les cellules de Langerhans

Langerhans P. Uber die Nerven der menschlichen Haut. Virchows Arch Path Anat 1868 ; 44 : 325-37.

Steinman RM, Cohn ZA. Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs of mice. I. Morphology, quantitation, tissue distribution. J Exp Med 1973 ; 137 : 1142-62.

Romani N, Lenz A, Glassel H, et al. Cultured human Langerhans cells resemble lymphoid dendritic cells in phenotype and function. J Invest Dermatol 1989 ; 93 : 600-9.

Kissenpfennig A, Henri S, Dubois B, et al. Dynamics and function of Langerhans cells in vivo dermal dendritic cells colonize lymph node areas distinct from slower migrating Langerhans cells. Immunity 2005 ; 22 : 643-54.

Boes M, Cerny J, Massol R, et al. T-cell engagement of dendritic cells rapidly rearranges MHC class II transport. Nature 2002 ; 418 : 983-8.

Birbeck MS, Breathnach AS, Everall JD. An electron microscope study of basal melanocytes and high-level clear cells (Langerhans cells) in vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 1961 ; 37: 51-64.

Valladeau J, Ravel O, Dezutter-Dambuyant C, et al. Langerin, a novel C-type lectin specific to Langerhans cells, is an endocytic receptor that induces the formation of Birbeck granules. Immunity 2000 ; 12 : 71-81.

Valladeau J, Saeland S. Cutaneous dendritic cells. Semin Immunol 2005 ; 17: 273-83

Katz SI, Tamaki K, Sachs DH. Epidermal Langerhans cells are derived from cells originating in bone marrow. Nature 1979 ; 282 : 324-6.

Hacker C, Kirsch RD, Ju XS, et al. Transcriptional profiling identifies Id2 function in dendritic cell development. Nat Immunol 2003 ; 4 : 380-6.

Caux C, Dezutter-Dambuyant C, Schmitt D, Banchereau J. GM-CSF and TNF-alpha cooperate in the generation of dendritic Langerhans cells. Nature 1992 ; 360 : 258-61.

Geissmann F, Prost C, Monnet JP, et al. Transforming growth factor beta1, in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4, induces differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into dendritic Langerhans cells. J Exp Med 1998 ; 187 : 961-6.

Strunk D, Egger C, Leitner G, et al. A skin homing molecule defines the Langerhans cell progenitor in human peripheral blood. J Exp Med 1997 ; 185 : 1131-6.

Larregina AT, Morelli AE, Spencer LA, et al. Dermal-resident CD14⁺ cells differentiate into Langerhans cells. Nat Immunol 2001 ; 2 : 1151-8.

Merad M, Manz MG, Karsunky H, et al. Langerhans cells renew in the skin throughout life under steady-state conditions. Nat Immunol 2002 ; 3 : 1135-41.

Reis e Sousa C, Stahl PD, Austyn JM. Phagocytosis of antigens by Langerhans cells in vitro. J Exp Med 1993 ; 178 : 509-19.

Hunger RE, Sieling PA, Ochoa MT, et al. Langerhans cells utilize CD1a and langerin to efficiently present nonpeptide antigens to T cells. J Clin Invest 2004 ; 113 : 701-8.

Turville SG, Cameron PU, Handley A, et al. Diversity of receptors binding HIV on dendritic cell subsets. Nat Immunol 2002 ; 3 : 975-83.

Yokota K, Takashima A, Bergstresser PR, Ariizumi K. Identification of a human homologue of the dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1, dectin-1. Gene 2001 ; 272 : 51-60.

de la Salle H, Haegel-Kronenberger H, Bausinger H, et al. Functions of Fc receptors on human dendritic Langerhans cells. Int Rev Immunol 1997 ; 16 : 187-203.

Stoitzner P, Pfaller K, Stossel H, Romani N. A close-up view of migrating Langerhans cells in the skin. J Invest Dermatol 2002 ; 118 : 117-25.

Bayerl C, Ueltzhoffer A, Jung EG. Langerhans cells enclosing sunburn cells in acute UV erythema in vivo. Arch Dermatol Res 1999 ; 291 : 303-5.

Takeda K, Kaisho T, Akira S. Toll-like receptors. Annu Rev Immunol 2003 ; 21: 335-76.

Peiser M, Wanner R, Kolde G. Human epidermal Langerhans cells differ from monocyte-derived Langerhans cells in CD80 expression and in secretion of IL-12 after CD40 cross-linking. J Leukoc Biol 2004 ; 76 : 616-22.

Burns RP Jr, Ferbel B, Tomai M, et al. The imidazoquinolines, imiquimod and R-848, induce functional, but not phenotypic, maturation of human epidermal Langerhans’ cells. Clin Immunol 2000 ; 94 : 13-23.

Albert ML. Death-defying immunity: do apoptotic cells influence antigen processing and presentation? Nat Rev Immunol 2004 ; 4 : 223-31.

Gunn MD. Chemokine mediated control of dendritic cell migration and function. Semin Immunol 2003 ; 15 : 271-6.

Ohl L, Mohaupt M, Czeloth N, et al. CCR7 governs skin dendritic cell migration under inflammatory and steady-state conditions. Immunity 2004 ; 21 : 279-88.

Robbiani DF, Finch RA, Jager D, et al. The leukotriene C(4) transporter MRP1 regulates CCL19 (MIP-3beta, ELC)-dependent mobilization of dendritic cells to lymph nodes. Cell 2000 ; 103 : 757-68.

Jakob T, Ring J, Udey MC. Multistep navigation of Langerhans/dendritic cells in and out of the skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001 ;108 : 688-96.

Sporri R, Reis e Sousa C. Inflammatory mediators are insufficient for full dendritic cell activation and promote expansion of CD4⁺ T cell populations lacking helper function. Nat Immunol 2005 ; 6 : 163-70.

Schulz O, Edwards AD, Schito M, et al. CD40 triggering of heterodimeric IL-12 p70 production by dendritic cells in vivo requires a microbial priming signal. Immunity 2000 ; 13 : 453-62.

Allan RS, Smith CM, Belz GT, et al. Epidermal viral immunity induced by CD8alpha⁺ dendritic cells but not by Langerhans cells. Science 2003 ; 301 : 1925-8.

Bennett CL, van Rijn E, Jung S, et al. Inducible ablation of mouse Langerhans cells diminishes but fails to abrogate contact hypersensitivity. J Cell Biol 2005 ; 169 : 569-76.