Résumés
Résumé
Depuis l’apparition du trouble d’anxiété généralisée (TAG) dans le manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM) en 1980, la définition et la compréhension de ce trouble ont grandement évolué. Le présent article fait un survol des aspects centraux des écrits sur le TAG en passant par l’historique, la prévalence, les caractéristiques socio-économiques, la comorbidité, le diagnostic différentiel et l’évolution de ce trouble, tout en considérant les questions litigieuses concernant sa classification. L’article présente aussi un compte rendu des études récentes sur le profil cognitif des patients présentant les critères diagnostiques de ce trouble tiré de la psychologie expérimentale cognitive et de la neuropsychologie. Les conséquences sur le fonctionnement cognitif de ces patients sont discutées dans la deuxième section de l’article, de même que les précautions relatives à ce fonctionnement que doivent prendre les cliniciens lors de l’intervention.
Abstract
Since the appearance of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in the 1980 version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the definition and the comprehension of this disorder have largely evolved. The present article is an overview of the principal aspects of GAD in the literature such as the history, the prevalence, the socioeconomic characteristics, the comorbidity, the differential diagnosis and its evolution, while considering the litigious questions concerning its classification. This article also presents a report of the recent studies about the cognitive profile of patients, from a perspective of cognitive experimental psychology and neuropsychology. The consequences on cognitive functioning are discussed in the second part of the article, as well as precautions relatively to functioning clinicians have to consider.
Resumen
Desde la aparición del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG) en el manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales (DSM) en 1980, la definición y comprensión de este trastorno han evolucionado grandemente. El presente artículo realiza una sinopsis de los aspectos centrales de los textos sobre el TAG, pasando por la historia, la prevalencia, las características socioeconómicas, la comorbilidad, el diagnóstico diferencial y la evolución de este trastorno, considerando también las cuestiones litigiosas acerca de su clasificación. El artículo presenta también un informe de los estudios recientes del perfil cognitivo de los pacientes que presentan los criterios de diagnóstico de este trastorno, proveniente de la psicología experimental cognitiva y de la neuropsicología. En la segunda sección del artículo se discuten las consecuencias en el funcionamiento cognitivo de estos pacientes, así como las precauciones relacionadas con este funcionamiento que deben tomar los clínicos durante la intervención.
Resumo
Desde o aparecimento do transtorno de ansiedade generalizada (TAG) no manual diagnóstico e estatístico dos transtornos mentais (DSM) em 1980, a definição e a compreensão deste transtorno evoluíram muito. O presente artigo dá uma visão geral dos aspectos centrais da literatura que trata sobre o TAG passando pelo histórico, prevalência, características socioeconômicas, comorbidade, diagnóstico diferencial e evolução deste transtorno, considerando as questões litigiosas que tratam de sua classificação. O artigo apresenta também um resumo dos estudos recentes sobre o perfil cognitivo dos pacientes apresentando os critérios diagnósticos deste transtorno tirado da psicologia experimental cognitiva e da neuropsicologia. As consequências sobre o funcionamento cognitivo destes pacientes são discutidas na segunda parte do artigo, além das precauções que devem tomar os clínicos durante a intervenção relativas a este funcionamento.
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