Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article cherche à innover dans le cadre de la controverse sur le musée de la Mémoire et des Droits de l’homme (MMDH) du Chili : devrait-il ou non intégrer dans sa muséographie la période antérieure au 11 septembre 1973, c’est-à-dire le contexte du coup d’État ? Je défends la thèse selon laquelle le MMDH peut intégrer une dimension contextuelle sans trahir sa mission, sa vision et sa fonction, tant qu’il répond à une approche de la notion de contexte-sans-causalité. Selon moi, le grand problème de la critique venant de la droite politique – qui accuse le musée de ne pas remplir sa mission pédagogique, car il décontextualise le coup d’État – est que cette critique répond à une vision causale de la notion de contexte, ce qui la conduit à des contradictions insurmontables. Si, grâce à une muséographie bien réfléchie, le concept de contextualisation non causale était mis en oeuvre avec succès, ceci n’engendrerait pas une contradiction au sein du musée mais pourrait même le favoriser. La conviction que le coup d’État et ses atrocités n’ont ni causes ni antécédents et ne peuvent en avoir renforce la mission pédagogique du MMDH.
Abstract
This article seeks to make a novel contribution in the context of the controversy surrounding the Museum of Memory and Human Rights (MMDH) in Chile: should the MMDH (or should it not) include in its museography the period before September 11, 1973—i.e., the context for the coup d’état? I defend the thesis that the MMDH can integrate a contextual dimension—without betraying its mission, vision, and function—as long as it responds to an approach to the notion of a context-without-causality. In my opinion, the main problem with criticism from the political right—which accuses the museum of not fulfilling its educational mission because it decontextualizes the coup d’état—is that it responds to a causal vision of the notion of context, which leads it to insurmountable contradictions. If, thanks to a well-thought-out museography, the concept of noncausal contextualization were successfully implemented, this would not create a contradiction within the museum, but could even favour it. The conviction that the coup d’état and its atrocities have no causes or antecedents, and cannot have them, reinforces the educational mission of the MMDH.
Appendices
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