Abstracts
Résumé
Cette étude vise à comprendre le phénomène de la violence physique vécue par les éducateurs oeuvrant dans dix Centres Jeunesse (CJ) du Québec. Pour ce faire, un sondage de victimisation a été administré à 586 éducateurs en internat. En premier lieu, la prévalence de cette problématique sera établie. Par la suite, les facteurs individuels et environnementaux prédisposant aux agressions physiques seront identifiés. Des éducateurs sondés, 53,9 % rapportent avoir été victimes de violence physique au cours de la dernière année. Sur le plan individuel, être affecté par les manifestations agressives des clients et la fréquence des violences psychologiques subies augmentent les risques de victimisation physique. Quant au contexte, l’âge de la clientèle et le motif de l’intervention (basé sur la loi justifiant le placement) auprès de l’enfant ou de l’adolescent influencent l’occurrence des actes violents dirigés contre les éducateurs. Nos analyses montrent également que les violences physiques dont sont victimes les éducateurs affectent autant l’individu que l’institution. L’identification de facteurs permettant de prédire les risques de victimisation pourrait notamment servir à orienter les programmes de prévention de la violence dans les CJ, mais aussi à cibler les éducateurs les plus à risque afin de leur fournir un soutien adapté.
Mots-clés :
- violence institutionnelle,
- éducateur,
- victimisation,
- Centre Jeunesse
Abstract
The aim of this study is to understand violence directed against behaviour technicians in juvenile rehabilitation centres. The findings are based on a survey conducted among 586 educators working in one of ten youth centres across Quebec. In this article we will first assess the occurrence of violent acts. Then, we will examine individual and contextual factors that predict physical aggression. More than half (53.9 %) of the educators surveyed reported to have been physically assaulted at least once in the past year. Regarding individual factors, being affected by the exposure to aggressive behaviours and the frequency of psychological aggression increase the risk of victimization. With respect to situational factors, the age of the clientele and the legal basis for placement (i.e. civil or criminal) influence the occurrence of violent acts towards staff members. Our analyses also show that physical violence not only affects staff members but also the institution. The identification of predictors of violence can guide prevention programs in youth centres. Moreover, they can help target behaviour technicians who are at risk of being assaulted in order to prevent their victimization.
Keywords:
- institutional violence,
- behaviour technician,
- victimization,
- youth centres
Resumen
El presente estudio busca comprender el fenómeno de la violencia física vivida por los educadores de diez institutos de menores de Québec (Centres Jeunesse du Québec-CJ-). Para ese fin, una encuesta de victimización ha sido administrada a 586 educadores de dichos institutos. En primer lugar, se establecerá la prevalencia de dicha problemática. A continuación, serán identificados los factores individuales y ambientales que predisponen a las agresiones físicas. De eso se desprende que 53,9 % de los educadores encuestados reportan haber sido victimas de violencia física en el curso del último año. En cuanto al plano individual, el verse afectado por manifestaciones agresivas de los pacientes y la frecuencia de la violencia psicológica sufrida aumentan los riesgos de victimización física. En relación al contexto, la edad de los pacientes y el motivo de la intervención (basado en la ley que justifica la internación) sobre el niño o el adolescente influencian la aparición de actos violentos dirigidos hacia los educadores. Nuestros análisis, demuestran igualmente que las violencias físicas de las cuales son victimas los educadores afectan tanto al individuo como a la institución. La identificación de factores que permiten predecir los riesgos de victimización, podrían servir especialmente a orientar los programas de prevención de la violencia en los institutos de menores (CJ) como así también a distinguir los educadores en riesgo, con el fin de proporcionarles un sostén adaptado.
Palabras clave:
- Violencia institucional,
- educador,
- victimización,
- instituto de menores
Appendices
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