Abstracts
Résumé
Le concept de réhabilitation est parfois mis en opposition à celui du désistement « spontané » ou « naturel » du crime. Dans cet article, je soutiens que ces deux concepts découlent d’une vision du changement qui relève du modèle médical qui ne correspond pas à ce que nous savons sur les processus de désistement. La réhabilitation et le désistement spontané doivent être compris d’une manière plus nuancée et intégrative, comme on peut le constater dans la manière dont le phénomène est étudié au Royaume-Uni, où l’on fait plutôt référence aux concepts de désistement assisté et de désistement coproduit pour référer à ces phénomènes.
Mots-clés :
- Désistement du crime,
- réhabilitation des délinquants,
- « ce qui fonctionne »
Abstract
The concept of rehabilitation is sometimes contrasted with the idea of spontaneous or natural desistance from crime. In this essay, I argue that both these concepts are based in a medical model of understanding change that is not consistent with what is known about how the process of desistance actually works. Both rehabilitation and spontaneous desistance should be understood in a more nuanced and integrative way, as in the assisted desistance or co-produced desistance rhetoric used in British desistance research.
Keywords:
- Desistance from crime,
- offender rehabilitation,
- what works
Resumen
El concepto de rehabilitación es a veces contrastado con el de desistimiento espontáneo o natural del crimen. En este ensayo, sostengo que ambos conceptos están basados en un modelo médico comprensivo del cambio, que no es consistente con lo que se conoce acerca de cómo el proceso de desistimiento funciona en realidad. Sostengo que ambos conceptos – rehabilitación y desistimiento espontáneo – están correctamente siendo remplazados por una comprensión más matizada e integrativa de los dos conceptos, como es el caso de la retórica del desistimiento asistido, o del desistimiento coproducido, utilizados en la investigación del desistimiento británica.
Palabras clave:
- Desistimiento del crimen,
- rehabilitación del delincuente,
- que funciona
Appendices
Références
- Adams, K. (1997). Developmental aspects of adult crime. Dans T. P. Thornberry (dir.), Advances in criminological theory : Developmental theories of crime and delinquency (vol. 6, p. 309-342). New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction.
- Allen, F. A. (1981). The decline of the rehabilitative ideal : Penal policy and social purpose. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.
- Andrews, D. A. (2011). The impact of nonprogrammatic factors on criminal – justice interventions. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 16(1), 1-23.
- Andrews, D. A., Zinger, I., Hoge, R. D., Bonta, J., Gendreau, P. et Cullen, F. T. (1990). Does correctional treatment work ? A clinically relevant and psychologically informed meta-analysis. Criminology, 28(3), 369-404.
- Archer, M. S. (2000). Being human : The problem of agency. Cambridge University Press.
- Barr, Ú. et Christian, N. (2019). A qualitative investigation into the impact of domestic abuse on women’s desistance. Probation Journal, 66(4), 416-433.
- Barr, U. M. (2018). Gendered assisted desistance : A decade from Corston. Safer Communities, 17(2), 81-93.
- Barry, M. (2016). On the cusp of recognition : Using critical theory to promote desistance among young offenders. Theoretical Criminology, 20(1), 91-106.
- Bersani, B. E. et Doherty, E. E. (2018). Desistance from offending in the twenty-first century. Annual Review of Criminology, 1, 311-334.
- Bottoms, A. E. et McWilliams, W. (1979). A non-treatment paradigm for probation practice. The British Journal of Social Work, 9(2), 159-202.
- Bottoms, A., Shapland, J., Costello, A., Holmes, D. et Muir, G. (2004). Towards desistance : Theoretical underpinnings for an empirical study. The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(4), 368-389.
- Burke, L., Collett, S. et McNeill, F. (2018). Reimagining rehabilitation : Beyond the individual. Londres, Royaume-Uni : Routledge.
- Chambers, J. A. et Swanson, V. (2012). Stories of weight management : Factors associated with successful and unsuccessful weight maintenance. British Journal of Health Psychology, 17(2), 223-243.
- Clear, T. R. (2010). Policy and evidence : The challenge to the American Society of Criminology : 2009 presidential address to the American Society of Criminology. Criminology, 48(1), 1-25.
- Coyle, B. (2019). “What the f** k is maturity ?” : Young adulthood, subjective maturity and desistance from crime. The British Journal of Criminology, 59(5), 1178-1198.
- Cullen, F. (2002). Rehabilitation and treatment programs. Dans J. Q. Wilson et J. Petersilia (dir.), Crime : Public policies for crime control (2e éd., p. 293-344). Oakland, CA : ICS Press.
- Cullen, F. (2005). The twelve people who saved rehabilitation : How the science of criminology made a difference. Criminology, 43(1), 1-42.
- Cusson, M. et Pinsonneault, P. (1986). The decision to give up crime. Dans D. B. Cornish et R. V. Clarke (dir.), The reasoning criminal : Rational choice perspectives on offending (p. 72-82). New York, NY : Springer-Verlag.
- Donaldson, S. I. (2009). In search of the blueprint for an evidence-based global society. Dans S. I. Donaldson, C. A. Christie et M. M. Mark (dir.), What counts as credible evidence in applied research and evaluation practice ? (p. 2-18). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.
- F.-Dufour, I., Brassard, R. et Martel, J. (2015). An integrative approach to apprehend desistance. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 59(5), 480-501.
- Fagan, J. (1989). Cessation of family violence : Deterrence and dissuasion. Crime and Justice, 11, 377-425.
- Farrall, S. (2002). Rethinking what works with offenders : Probation, social context and desistance from crime. Cullompton, Royaume-Uni : Willan.
- Farrall, S. et Calverley, A. (2006). Understanding desistance from crime : Emerging theoretical developments in resettlement and rehabilitation. Maidenhead, Royaume-Uni : Open University Press.
- Ferri, E. (1908/2004). The positive school of criminology (traduit par E. Untermann). Chicago, IL : Charles H. Kerr.
- Gendreau, P., Little, T. et Goggin, C. (1996). A meta-analysis of the predictors of adult offender recidivism : What works ! Criminology, 34(4), 575-607.
- Giordano, P. C., Schoeder, R. D. et Cernkovich, S. A. (2007). Emotions and crime over the life course : A neo-Meadian perspective on criminal continuity and change. American Journal of Sociology, 112(6), 1603-1661.
- Glueck, S. et Glueck, E. (1937). Later criminal careers. New York, NY : Commonwealth Fund.
- Glueck, S. et Glueck, E. (1940). Juvenile delinquents grown up. New York, NY : Commonwealth Fund.
- Goldblatt, P. et Lewis, C. (1998). Reducing offending : An assessment of research evidence on ways of dealing with offending behaviour (Home Office Research Study 187). Londres, Royaume-Uni : Home Office.
- Goring, C. (1919). The English convict. Londres, Royaume-Uni : His Majesty’s Stationary Office.
- Gottfredson, M. et Hirschi, T. (1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press.
- Healy, D. (2013). Changing fate ? Agency and the desistance process. Theoretical Criminology, 17(4), 557-574.
- Hough, M. (2004). Modernization, scientific rationalism and the Crime Reduction Programme. Criminal Justice, 4(3), 239-253.
- Hough, M. (2010). Gold standard or fool’s gold ? The pursuit of certainty in experimental criminology. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 10(1), 11-22.
- Hunt, M. (1997). How science takes stock : The story of meta-analysis. New York, NY : Russell Sage Foundation.
- Irwin, J. (1970). The felon. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall.
- Kazemian L. (2016). What are the most important studies of desistance and what are the future research needs ? Dans F. McNeill, I. Durnescu et R. Butter (dir.), Probation : 12 essential questions (p. 35-59). Londres, Royaume-Uni : Palgrave Macmillan UK.
- Kazemian, L. (2007). Desistance from crime : Theoretical, empirical, methodological, and policy considerations. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 23(1), 5-27.
- King, S. (2013). Assisted desistance and experiences of probation supervision. Probation Journal, 60(2), 136-151.
- Kirkwood, S. (2016). Desistance in action : An interactional approach to criminal justice practice and desistance from offending. Theoretical Criminology, 20(2), 220-237.
- Latessa. E. J., Cullen, F. T. et Gendreau, P. (2002). Beyond correctional quackery : Professionalism and the possibility of effective treatment. Fed. Probation,66, 43-49.
- Laub, J. et Sampson, R. (2003). Shared beginnings, divergent lives : Delinquent boys to age 70. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
- MacLure, M. (2005). “Clarity bordering on stupidity” : Where’s the quality in systematic review ? Journal of Education Policy, 20(4), 393-416.
- Maguire, M. (2004). The Crime Reduction Program in England and Wales : Reflections on the vision and the reality. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 4(3), 213-237.
- Marks, D. F. (2002). Perspectives on evidence-based practice. Londres, Royaume-Uni : Health Development Agency.
- Martinson, R. (1974). What works ? Questions and answers about prison reform. The Public Interest, 35, 22-54.
- Martinson, R. (1976). California research at the crossroads. Crime and Delinquency, 22, 180-191.
- Maruna, S. (2001). Making good : How ex-convicts reform and rebuild their lives. Washington, DC : American Psychological Association Books.
- Maruna, S. (2015). Qualitative research, theory development, and evidence-based corrections : Can success stories be “evidence” ? Dans J. Miller et W. R. Palacios (dir.), Qualitative research in criminology : Advances in criminological theory (p. 311-337). New Brunswick, NJ : Transaction Publishers.
- Maruna, S. et Farrall, S. (2004). Desistance from crime : A theoretical reformulation. Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, 43, 171-194.
- Maruna, S. et King, A. (2009). Once a criminal, always a criminal ? “Redeemability” and the psychology of punitive public attitudes. European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research, 15, 7-24.
- Matza, D. (1964). Delinquency and drift. New York, NY : Wiley.
- McNeill, F. (2006). A desistance paradigm for offender management. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 6(1), 39-62.
- Morash, M., Stone, R., Hoskins, K., Kashy, D. A. et Cobbina, J. E. (2019). Narrative identity development and desistance from illegal behavior among substance-using female offenders : Implications for narrative therapy and creating opportunity. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-019-01090-4
- Mullins, E. et Kirkwood, S. (2019). Co-authoring desistance narratives : Analysing interactions in groupwork for addressing sexual offending. Criminology & Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895819863101
- Nugent, B. et Schinkel, M. (2016). The pains of desistance. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 16(5), 568-584.
- Pagoto, S. L. et Appelhans, B. M. (2013). A call for an end to the diet debates. Journal of the American Medical Association, 310(7), 687-688.
- Paternoster, R. et Bushway, S. (2010). Desistance and the“feared self” : Towards an identity theory of criminal desistance. Criminology, 99(4), 1103-1156.
- Pawson, R. (2006). Evidence-based policy : A realist perspective. Londres, Royaume-Uni : Sage.
- Porporino, F. (2010). Bringing sense and sensitivity to corrections : From programs to “fix” offenders to services to support desistance. Dans J. Brayford, F. Cowe et J. Deering (dir.), What else works ? Creative work with offenders (p. 61-85). Cullompton, Royaume-Uni : Willan
- Raynor, P. et Robinson, G. (2005). Rehabilitation, crime and justice. Basingstoke, Royaume-Uni : Palgrave.
- Rocque, M. (2015). The lost concept : The (re) emerging link between maturation and desistance from crime. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 15(3), 340-360.
- Rocque, M. (2017). Desistance from crime : New advances in theory and research. Springer.
- Rutter, M. (1996). Transitions and turning points in developmental psychopathology : As applied to the age span between childhood and mid-adulthood. Journal of Behavioral Development, 19(3), 603-626.
- Sacks, F. M., Bray, G. A., Carey, V. J., Smith, S. R., Ryan, D. H., Anton, S. D.,… Leboff, M. S. (2009). Comparison of weight-loss diets with different compositions of fat, protein, and carbohydrates. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(9), 859-873.
- Sampson, R. J. (2010). Gold standard myths : Observations on the experimental turn in quantitative criminology. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 26(4), 489-500.
- Sampson, R. J. et Laub, J. (1992). Crime and deviance in the life course. Annual Review of Sociology, 18, 63-84.
- Scriven, M. (2009). Demythologizing causation and evidence. Dans S. Donaldson, C. Christie et M. M. Mark (dir.), What counts as credible evidence in applied research and evaluation practice ? (p. 134-152). Los Angeles, CA : Sage.
- Sellin, T. (1942). The youthful offender. Federal Probation, 6, 14-17.
- Shaffer, H. J. (2007). Considering the unimaginable : Challenges to accepting self-change or natural recovery from addiction (Foreword). Dans H. Klingemann et L. Carter-Sobell (dir.), Promoting self-change from addictive behaviors : Practical implications for policy, prevention, and treatment (2e éd., p. 9-13). New York, NY : Springer.
- Shover, N. (1996). Great pretenders : Pursuits and careers of persistent thieves. Boulder, CO : Westview Press.
- Shover, N. (1985). Aging criminals. Beverly Hills, CA : Sage Publications.
- Sutherland, E. H. (1933). The professional thief. Chicago, IL : University of Chicago.
- Takala, J. P. (2007). Spontaneous desistance from crime. Dans H. Klingemann et L. Carter-Sobell (dir.), Promoting self-change from addictive behaviors : Practical implications for policy, prevention, and treatment (p. 127-137). New York, NY : Springer.
- Thornton, R. (1988). People really do make a difference. Dans R. L. Jenkins et W. K. Brown (dir.), The abandonment of delinquent behavior (p. 21-29). New York, NY : Praeger.
- Tilley, N. (2005). Applying theory-driven evaluation to the British crime reduction program. Criminal Justice, 4, 255-276.
- Trasler, G. (1979). Delinquency, recidivism and desistance. British Journal of Criminology, 19, 314-323
- Veysey, B., Christian, J. et Martinez, D. J. (dir.) (2009). How offenders transform their lives. Cullompton, Royaume-Uni: Willan.
- Von Drehle, D. (2010, 22 fevrier). Why crime went away: The murder rate in America is at an all-time low. Will the recession reverse that? Time Magazine, 22-25.
- Ward, T. et Brown, M. (2004). The good lives model and conceptual issues in offender rehabilitation. Psychology, Crime & Law, 10 (3), 243-257.
- Ward, T. et Maruna, S. (2007). Rehabilitation: Beyond the risk paradigm. Londres, Royaume-Uni: Routledge.
- Warr, M. (1998). Life-course transitions and desistance from crime. Criminology, 36, 183-215.
- Weaver, B. (2015). Offending and desistance: The importance of social relations. Londres, Royaume-Uni: Routledge.
- Wilson, J. Q. et Herrnstein, R. J. (1985). Crime and human nature. New York, NY: Touchstone Books.
- Wootton, B. (1959). Social science and social pathology. Londres, Royaume-Uni: Allen & Unwin.