Abstracts
Résumé
Contexte : Il importe de comprendre les croyances entourant la consommation d’alcool afin de contribuer à diminuer les problèmes associés à cette problématique.
Objectif : Réaliser une synthèse des connaissances sur les croyances entourant la consommation d’alcool dans la population générale en Occident entre 2008 et 2020.
Cadre théorique : Le modèle intégré du comportement (MIC) offre un fondement pour conceptualiser et identifier les facteurs qui influencent les comportements relatifs à la santé. Il représente un cadre théorique pertinent pour mieux appréhender la réalité entourant la consommation d’alcool.
Méthode : L’étude de portée a été choisie comme méthode de synthèse des connaissances. Les bases de données Health Policy Research Center, Medline, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences, PsycINFO et SocINDEX ont été interrogées avec une série de mots-clés sur les croyances et la consommation d’alcool. Au total, 107 articles ont été retenus. Une analyse quantitative descriptive et une analyse qualitative thématique ont permis de synthétiser les résultats.
Résultats : La majorité des articles proviennent des États-Unis (n=49), du Royaume-Uni (n=18) et de l’Australie (n=15). Les thèmes qui se dégagent de l’analyse qualitative des articles retenus s’insèrent dans les croyances proposées par le MIC, soit les croyances liées aux émotions, les croyances à propos des effets et des conséquences de l’alcool, les croyances normatives et les croyances face au sentiment de contrôle. Il ressort de cela que les croyances entourant la consommation d’alcool ont une influence importante sur les comportements de consommation d’alcool. Les résultats illustrent que ces croyances sont complexes, variées et influencées par de nombreux facteurs individuels et sociaux comme l’âge, les habitudes de consommation, les normes culturelles et de genre.
Conclusion : Le portrait des croyances entourant la consommation d’alcool peut éclairer la pratique, la recherche et l’élaboration de politiques de prévention.
Mots-clés :
- croyances,
- alcool,
- étude de portée
Abstract
Context: Alcohol consumption is associated with more than 200 health problems. To help reduce alcohol consumption in the general population and its negative consequences, it is important to understand the beliefs surrounding alcohol use.
Objective: Conduct a synthesis of the literature on beliefs surrounding alcohol consumption in the general population among Western societies between 2008 and 2020.
Theorical framework: The Integrated Model of Behavior (IMB) provides a foundation for conceptualizing and identifying the factors that influence health-related behaviors. It represents a relevant theoretical framework for better understanding the reality surrounding alcohol consumption.
Methods: The scoping review was selected for this knowledge synthesis. Databases including The Health Policy Research Center, Medline, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences, PsycINFO and SocINDEX were surveyed with a series of key words about beliefs and alcohol consumption. A total of 107 articles were retained. Descriptive quantitative analysis and thematic qualitative analysis were used to synthesize the articles.
Results: The majority of articles came from the United States (n=49), the United Kingdom (n=18) and Australia (n=15). Themes from the qualitative analysis fit in four beliefs coming form the IMB, which are emotional beliefs, behavioral beliefs, normative beliefs and beliefs about control. Results shows that beliefs about alcohol have a significant influence on drinking behaviour. These beliefs are complex, varied and are influenced by many individual and social factors such as age, gender, consumption habits and cultural and gender norms.
Conclusion: This overview of beliefs about alcohol consumption can inform practice, research, and policy development. Understanding these beliefs may help the implementation of preventive actions to influence behaviours.
Keywords:
- beliefs,
- alcohol,
- scoping review
Resumen
Contexto: es importante comprender que las creencias en torno al consumo de alcohol para contribuir con la disminución de los problemas relacionados con el consumo de alcohol.
Objetivo: llevar a cabo una síntesis de los conocimientos sobre las creencias en torno al consumo de alcohol en la población en general en Occidente entre 2008 y 2020.
Marco teórico: el Modèle intégré du comportement (MIC)[modelo integrado de comportamiento] ofrece un fundamento para conceptualizar e identificar los factores que influyen en los comportamientos relativos a la salud. El Modelo representa un marco teórico pertinente para aprehender mejor la realidad en torno al consumo de alcohol.
Método: se ha elegido el “estudio del alcance” como método de síntesis de los conocimientos. Se buscó en las bases de datos de Health Policy Research Center, Medline, Psychology & Behavior al Sciences, PsycINFO y SocINDEX una serie de palabras clave sobre las creencias y el consumo de alcohol. Se retuvieron 107 artículos en total. Un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo y un análisis cualitativo temático permitieron sintetizar los resultados.
Resultados: la mayoría de los artículos provienen de los Estados (n=49), de Gran Bretaña (n=18) y de Australia (n=15). Los temas que aparecen en el análisis cualitativo de los artículos retenidos se inscriben en el marco de las creencias propuestas por el IMC, es decir, las creencias relacionadas con las emociones, las creencias sobre los efectos y consecuencias del alcohol, las creencias normativas y las relacionadas con el sentimiento de control. Surge del análisis que las creencias en torno al consumo de alcohol tienen una influencia importante sobre los comportamientos de consumo. Los resultados ilustran que estas creencias son complejas y variadas y están influenciadas por numerosos factores individuales y sociales como la edad, los hábitos de consumo y las normas culturales y de género.
Conclusión: el retrato de las creencias que giran en torno del consumo de alcohol puede iluminar la práctica, la investigación y la elaboración de políticas de prevención.
Palabras clave:
- creencias,
- alcohol,
- estudio del alcance
Appendices
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