Abstracts
Abstract
Inuvialuit have always created culture through our/their living and land-based practices. For us, making culture means doing, practicing, and sharing activities and songs and country food, on the land and in town, together with our families and communities. These layers of history are embedded in the landscape of Inuvialuit Nunangat, our homeland, and in the voices of Elders past and present speaking about their knowledges and experiences. In this paper, we describe how Inuvialuit communities are practicing our living traditions today and capturing them using digital methods to produce a new Inuvialuit Living History website that celebrates the past, present, and future of our communities.
Keywords:
- Inuvialuit,
- Digital Heritage,
- Inuvialuktun,
- Community archaeology,
- Canadian Western Arctic
Résumé
Les Inuvialuit ont toujours créé leur culture à travers nos/leurs pratiques de vie ancrées dans le territoire. Pour nous, « faire la culture » signifie réaliser, pratiquer et partager des activités, des chants et de la nourriture locale, dans la nature et dans les villages, ensemble avec nos familles et nos communautés. Ces niveaux d’histoire sont inscrits dans le paysage inuvialuit de langue nunangat, notre pays, et dans les voix des Aînés du passé et du présent qui parlent de leur savoir et de leur expérience. Dans cet article, nous décrivons la façon dont les communautés inuvialuit vivent en pratique encore aujourd’hui leurs traditions et les enregistrent au moyen de méthodes numériques pour élaborer un nouveau site Internet d’Histoire vivante des Inuvialuit qui rende hommage au passé, au présent et à l’avenir de nos communautés.
Mots-clés :
- Inuvialuit,
- patrimoine digitalisé,
- Inuvialuktun,
- archéologie communautaire,
- Arctique de l’Ouest canadien
Inuinnaqtun
Inuvialuit taima idjuhiit pitquhiliuqhimaaqpakhimayut inuudtjuhingmikut ubluq tamaat atuqtatik ukualut nunami hulilukaarutitik. Uvaptingni ima ittuq pitquhiliungniq, hulilukarutivut atuqhimaaqhugit, hulilukaaqtavut avanmut aituqhugit, pihiitigutlu, niqainangnilu niriplutik, aavaqhunilu nunami, Igluqarviptingniitutalu hulilukaangniq, Ilagiivaluvut ilagiplugit hulilukaqatigiplugit nunalaatlu aallat. Inuvialuit Nunagani tahapkuat Pitquhiraluavut nunami naunaitut, nunagiyaptingnilu, innakhat ublumi inuuyuni tahpkuatlu huiqhimayunilu uqauhiini tuhangnaqtut ilihimayamingnik imaalu atuqpaktakhimayamingniklu inuuniarutimingni. Uvani titiqami, uqariyaqut qanuq ublumi Inuvialuit Nunalaat qanuq tahapkut pitquhivut huli ublu aulapkaininganik atuqhimaqhugit atdjiliuqhugitlu qaritauyangmut iliyukhanik, tigumiaqtanutlu, nutaanik Inuvialuit Qangaraaluk Inuuniarutainik Pitquhiiniklu qaritauyakut takuuriliuqhutik qarauluk pitquhingit aliahuutigiplugit, ublumilu atuqtainik, kiguvaapta nunalaani pihimayakhainik.
- Inuvialuit,
- Qaritauyami Qangaraaluk Inuniarutiat,
- Inuvialuktun,
- Nunalaani Ilituqhiungniq,
- Kanadamilu Ualiningmiut Ukiuqtaqtumi
Sallirmiutun
Inuvialuit nunalu silalu niryutillu malirullugit pitqusiruaqpaktuat. Uvaptingni, inuusiqput immana ittuq nunamilu inuuniarvingnilu: anguniluklutik, savangnilukluta, nigaaqtuqluta, ikayuqtigiikluta atuutitigun niqitigunlu, tamarmik inuuqatigiit. Taapkuat pitqusit ilurriliqtauyut Inuvialuit Nunangani nayuqtaptingni. Inirnirillu ingilraan qangmagaluaq quliaqtuarivagait pitqusitik. Uvani makpiraami, quliaqtuariyavut qanuq Inuvialuit inuuniarvingni piqusingit itilaangitigun qangma. Nutaamik Inuvialuit Pitqusingit Ingilraan quliaqtuat qaritauyanun ililugit inuuniarviit takuyaksangit.
- Inuvialuit,
- Qaritauyanun Tutquqtat Pitqusivut,
- Inuvialuktun,
- Inuuniarviit Ilisarningit Pitqusiptigun,
- Canada-mi Ualinirmi Nuna
Uummarmiutun
Inuvialuit inuuniaruhimiktigun inuuniarutiktingni aturaat inuuniaqhuting aulaaqturvingmingni nuami unuuniaqhuting atr̂amik niqiqaqhuting nunahinamin. Uvaptingnun inuuniarniq itnaittuq inuuniarniq aturnaqtuq uuturarnaqtuq, avanmun aviktuarnaqtuq inuuniarnit niqinik,aulaaqturvingmingni inaur̂amillu. Ukuat qaligiiktuat inuuniarningi aipaarnihat nalunaingutchirait inuuniarvikting Inuvialuit nunangat. Aimavikput nunakput, utuqhanaat nipingat aipaarnihat pangmanikun ilihimakaminiklu inuur̂amingniglu,Uumani maqpiraami, ilitchuripkair̂ugut qanuqinupiat inuuniaruhinginik inar̂ani utiqtitchiniaqtuat inuuniaruhomingnik pangmapak,pikachaliuqługit tuquqtaqr̂ugit qanuq inuuniarningigun Inupiat aipaani qaqhaur̂anunlu ilivlugit tautuakr̂anginik qviahuutikr̂anginik tautuktuarumihigi,pangma aipaanihat inar̂ani.
- Inuvialuit,
- qaqhaur̂atikun,
- Inuvialuktun,
- Inaur̂ani tutqutaniniaqtut,
- Kanatami westeren Arcticmi
Appendices
References
- Alunik, Ishmael. 1998. Call Me Ishmael: Memories of an Inuvialuk Elder. Kolausok Ublaaq Enterprises, Inuvik.
- Alunik, Ishmael, Eddie Kolausok, and David Morrison, eds. 2003. Across Time and Tundra: The Inuvialuit of the Western Arctic. Seattle: University of Washington Press Raincoast Books, and the Canadian Museum of Civilization, Gatineau.
- Amos, Beverly Siliuyaq. 2019. “Reclaim your Language Without Shame or Fear.” Literacy Matters. NWT Literacy Council (Spring 2019): pp. 1, 15.
- Berger, Thomas. 1977. Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland: The Report of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry. Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services Canada.
- Bockstoce, John. 1986. Whales, Ice, and Men: The History of Whaling in the Western Arctic. Seattle: University of Washington Press, in association with the New Bedford Whaling Museum.
- Desmarais, Danii, Lesley Howse, Mari Kleist, and Letitia Pokiak. 2021. “Accountability in Arctic Archaeology: A Continuing Conversation for Change.” Paper presented at the Society for American Archaeology meetings, San Francisco, April 2021.
- Hennessy, Kate, Natasha Lyons, Stephen Loring, Charles Arnold, Mervin Joe, Albert Elias, and James Pokiak. 2013. “The Inuvialuit Living History Project: Digital Return as the Forging of Relationships between Institutions, People, and Data.” Museum Anthropology Review 7 (1–2): 44–73.
- Hodgetts, Lisa. 2013. “The Rediscovery of HMS Investigator: Archaeology, Sovereignty and the Colonial Legacy in Canada’s Arctic.” Journal of Social Archaeology 13 (1): 80–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469605312458735.
- Hodgetts, Lisa, and Laura Kelvin. 2020. “At the Heart of the Ikaahuk Archaeology Project.” In Archaeologies of the Heart, edited by Kisha Supernant, Jane Eva Baxter, Natasha Lyons, and Sonya Atalay, 97–115. New York: Springer.
- Jordan-Fenton, Christy, and Margaret Pokiak Fenton. 2010. Fatty Legs: A True Story. Toronto: Annick Press.
- Kelvin, Laura, and Lisa Hodgetts. 2020. “Unsettling Archaeology.” Special Issue of the Canadian Journal of Archaeology 44 (1):1–19. https://doi.org/canadianarchaeology.com/caa/publications/canadian-journal-archaeology/44/1.
- Lyons, Natasha. 2010. “The Wisdom of Elders: Inuvialuit Social Memories of Continuity and Change in the 20th Century.” Arctic Anthropology 47 (1): 22–38.
- Lyons, Natasha. 2013. Where the Wind Blows Us: Practicing Critical Community Archaeology in the Canadian North. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
- Lyons, Natasha, Lisa Hodgetts, Mervin Joe, Ashley Piskor, Renie Arey, David Stewart, Jason Lau, Rebecca Goodwin, Walter Bennett, Cassidy Lennie-Ipana, Mataya Gillis, Hayven Elanik, Angelina Joe, and Starr Elanik. 2022. “Enduring Social Communities of the Inuvialuit: From the Yukon North Slope to the Circumpolar Stage.” In The Inuit World, edited by Pamela Stern, 34–51. New York: Routledge.
- Nanogak Goose, Agnes. 1972. Tales from the Igloo. Translated by Maurice Metayer. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.
- Nanogak Goose. 1986. More Tales from the Igloo. Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers.
- Nuligak. 1966. I, Nuligak. Translated by Maurice Metayer. New York: Pocket Books.
- Pokiak, Letitia. 2020. “Meaningful Consultation, Meaningful Participants and Meaning Making: Inuvialuit Perspectives on the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline and the Climate Crisis.” Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of Victoria.
- Tod-Tims, Cahley, and Pamela Stern. 2022. “We are Starving for our Food”: Country Food (In)security in Inuvik, Northwest Territories.” In The Inuit World, edited by Pamela Stern, 270–287. New York: Routledge.
- Usher, Peter. 1971. “The Canadian Western Arctic: A Century of Change.” Anthropologica 13: 169–183.
- Usher, Peter. 1976. “Inuit Land Use in the Western Canadian Arctic.” In Inuit Land Use and Occupancy Project. Vols 1, 3. Edited by Milton Freeman, 21–31; 1–20. Ottawa: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs.