ror.org/0160cpw27
Abstracts
Abstract
Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) can experience multiple layers of adversity that increase vulnerability to justice involvement. Given the systemic overrepresentation of Indigenous Peoples in the justice system, community-based interventions are important for supporting Indigenous individuals with FASD who are justice-involved, yet little is known about individual experiences with such interventions. In this community-based study, we conducted interviews with 12 adults in an FASD-informed Indigenous justice program, revealing stories of coping, growth, and hope. Findings suggest that blending FASD assessment with restorative justice approaches can contribute to physical, human, family/social, and community/cultural resources that support wellbeing. We describe tangible strengths and processes to leverage in practice and policy for supporting justice-involved individuals with FASD across settings and communities.
Keywords:
- fetal alcohol spectrum disorder,
- recovery capital theory,
- assessment and diagnosis,
- restorative justice,
- intervention,
- Indigenous community-based research
Download the article in PDF to read it. Download
Appendices
Bibliography
- Allen, B. (2003). Alexis restorative justice model: An evaluation. Barbara Allen & BIM Larsson & Associates.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Blagg, H., Tulich, T., & Bush, Z. (2015). Diversionary pathways for Indigenous youth with FASD in Western Australia: Decolonising alternatives. Alternative Law Journal, 40(4), 257–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/1037969X1504000409Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Blagg, H., Tulich, T., & Bush, Z. (2017). Indefinite detention meets colonial dispossession: Indigenous youths with foetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a white settler justice system. Social & Legal Studies, 26(3), 333-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663916676650Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Blagg H., Tulich, T., & May, S. (2019). Aboriginal youth with foetal alcohol spectrum disorder and enmeshment in the Australian justice system: Can an intercultural form of restorative justice make a difference? Contemporary Justice Review, 22(2), 105-121. https://doi.org/10.1080/10282580.2019.1612246Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Bower, C., Watkins, R.E., Mutch, R.C., Marriott, R., Freeman, J., Kippin, N.R., Safe, B., Pestell, C., Cheung, C.S.C., Shield, H., Tarratt, L., Springall, A., Taylor, J., Walker, N., Argiro, E., Leitao, S., Hamilton, S., Condon, C., Passmore, H.M., & Giglia, R. (2018). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and youth justice: A prevalence study among young people sentenced to detention in Western Australia. BMJ Open, 8(2), e019605. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019605Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Brintnell, E.S., Sawhney, A.S., Bailey, P.G., Nelson, M., Pike, A.D., & Wielandt, P. (2019). Corrections and connection to the community: A diagnostic and service program for incarcerated adult men with FASD. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 64, 8-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2018.12.005Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Canadian Bar Association. (2010). Resolution 10-02-A: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in the criminal justice system. http://www.cba.org/cba/resolutions/pdf/10-02-A.pdfGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Canadian Bar Association. (2013). Resolution 13-12-A: Accommodating the disability of FASD to improve justice services. http://www.cba.org/cba/resolutions/pdf/13-12-A.pdfGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Canadian Intergovernmental Conference Secretariat. (2016). Final Report to Federal/Provincial/Territorial Ministers Responsible for Justice and Public Safety. https://scics.ca/en/product-produit/final-report-to-federalprovincialterritorial-ministers-responsible-for-justice-and-public-safety/Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Clark, S. (2019). Overrepresentation of Indigenous People in the Canadian criminal justice system: Causes and responses. Research and Statistics Division, Department of Justice Canada. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/jr/oip-cjs/oip-cjs-en.pdfGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Cloud, W., & Granfield, R. (2001). Natural recovery from substance dependency: Lessons for treatment providers. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions, 1, 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1300/J160v01n01_07Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Cloud, W., & Granfield, R. (2008). Conceptualizing recovery capital: Expansion of a theoretical construct. Substance Use & Misuse, 43(12-13), 1971–1986. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826080802289762Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Cook, J.L., Green, C.R., Lilley, C.M., Anderson, S.M., Baldwin, M.E., Chudley, A.E., Conry, J., LeBlanc, N., Loock, C.A., Lutke, J., Mallon, B.F., McFarlane, A.A., Temple, V.K., & Rosales, T. (2016). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A guideline for diagnosis across the lifespan. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 188(3), 191-197. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.141593Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Currie, B.A., Hoy, J., Legge, L., Temple, V.K., & Tahir, M. (2016). Adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Factors associated with positive outcomes and contact with the criminal justice system. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 23(1), E37-E52.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Denney, A.S., Tewksbury, R., & Jones, R.S. (2014). Beyond basic needs: Social support and structure for successful offender reentry. Journal of Qualitative Criminal Justice & Criminology, 2, 39-67. https://doi.org/10.21428/88de04a1.d95029f6Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Flannigan, K., Kapasi, A., Pei, J., Murdoch, I., Andrew, G., & Rasmussen, C. (2020). Characterizing adverse childhood experiences among children and adolescents with prenatal alcohol exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Child Abuse & Neglect, 112, 104888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104888Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Flannigan, K., Pei, J., Rasmussen, C., Potts, S., & O’Riordan, T. (2018a). A unique response to offenders with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Perceptions of the Alexis FASD Justice Program. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 60(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.3138/cjccj.2016-0021.r2Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Flannigan, K., Pei, J., Stewart, M., & Johnson, A. (2018b). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and the criminal justice system: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 57, 42-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2017.12.008Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Flannigan, K., Tremblay, M., Potts, S., Nelson, M., Brintnell, S., O’Riordan, T., Rasmussen, C., & Pei, J. (2022). Understanding the needs of justice-involved adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in an Indigenous community. Behavioral Sciences & The Law, 40(1), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2554Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Flannigan, K., Wrath, A., Ritter, C., McLachlan, K., Harding, K.D., Campbell, A., Reid, D., & Pei, J. (2021). Balancing the story of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A narrative review of the literature on strengths. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 45(12), 2448–2464. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14733Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Hamilton, S.L., Maslen, S., Best, D., Freeman, J., O’Donnell, M., Reibel, T., Mutch, R.C., & Watkins, R. (2020). Putting 'justice' in recovery capital: Yarning about hopes and futures with young people in detention. International Journal for Crime Justice and Social Democracy, 9(2), 20-36. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v9i2.1256Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Hennessy, E.A. (2017). Recovery capital: A systematic review of the literature. Addiction Research & Theory, 25(5), 349-360. https://doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2017.1297990Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Institute of Health Economics. (2013). Consensus statement on legal issues of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) (Volume 5). https://canfasd.ca/wp-content/uploads/publications/2013_consensus_statement_legal_issues_fasd.pdfGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Israel, B.A., Schulz, A.J., Parker, E.A., & Becker, A.B. (1998). Review of community-based research: Assessing partnership approaches to improve public health. Annual Review of Public Health, 19, 173-202. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.19.1.173Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Longstaffe, S., Chudley, A.E., Harvie, M.K., Markesteyn, T., Neault, D., & Brown, T. (2018). The Manitoba Youth Justice Program: Empowering and supporting youth with FASD in conflict with the law. Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 96(2), 260-266. https://doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2017-0078Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Masotti, P., Longstaffe, S., Gammon, H., Isbister, J., Maxwell, B., & Hanlon-Dearman, A. (2015). Integrating care for individuals with FASD: Results from a multi-stakeholder symposium. BMC Health Services Research, 15(1), 457. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1113-8Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- McLachlan, K., Amlung, M., Vedelago, L., & Chaimowitz, G. (2020a). Screening for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in forensic mental health settings. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 31(5), 643-666. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2020.1781919Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- McLachlan, K., Flannigan, K., Temple, V., Unsworth, K., & Cook, J.L. (2020b). Difficulties in daily living experienced by adolescents, transition-aged youth, and adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Alcoholism-Clinical and Experimental Research, 44(8), 1609-1624. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.14385Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- McLachlan, K., Gray, A.L., Roesch, R., Douglas, K.S., & Viljoen, J.L. (2018). An evaluation of the predictive validity of the SAVRY and YLS/CMI in justice-involved youth with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Psychological Assessment, 30(12), 1640-1651. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000612Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- McLachlan, K., McNeil, A., Pei, J., Brain, U., Andrew, G., & Oberlander, T.F. (2019). Prevalence and characteristics of adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in corrections: a Canadian case ascertainment study. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6292-xGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Mela, M., Flannigan, K., Anderson, T., Nelson, M., Krishnan, S., Chizea, C., Takahashi, S., & Sanjanwala, R. (2020). Neurocognitive function and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in offenders with mental disorders. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 48(2), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.29158/JAAPL.003886-20Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Minkler, M., & Wallerstein, N. (2003). Community based participatory research for health. Jossey-Bass/Wiley.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Pei, J., Carlson, E., Tremblay, M., & Poth, C. (2019a). Exploring the contributions and suitability of relational and community-centered fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) prevention work in First Nation communities. Birth Defects Research, 111(12), 835-847. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.1480Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Pei, J., Kapasi, A., Kennedy, K.E., & Joly, V. (2019b). Towards healthy outcomes for individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Canada FASD Research Network in collaboration with the University of Alberta.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Pei, J., Leung, W.S.W., Jampolsky, F., & Alsbury, B. (2016). Experiences in the Canadian criminal justice system for individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Double jeopardy? Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 58(1), 56-86. https://doi.org/10.3138/cjccj.2014.E25Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Pei, J., Poth, C.-A., Tremblay, M., & Walker, M. (2021). An integrative systems approach to enhancing service delivery for individuals with complex needs. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 8(2), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40474-021-00223-3Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Petrenko, C.L.M., & Kautz-Turnbull, C. (2021). From surviving to thriving: A new conceptual model to advance interventions to support people with FASD across the lifespan. In N.R. Riggs & B. Rigles (Eds.), International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities (pp. 39-75). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.irrdd.2021.07.002Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Petrenko, C.L.M., Alto, M.E., Hart, A.R., Freeze, S.M., & Cole, L.L. (2019). “I’m doing my part, I just need help from the community”: Intervention implications of foster and adoptive parents’ experiences raising children and young adults with FASD. Journal of Family Nursing, 25(2), 314-347. https://doi.org/10.1177/1074840719847185Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Public Safety Canada & Ma Mawi Wi Chi Itata Centre. (2010). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and the Criminal Justice System. https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/ftl-lchl-spctrm/index-en.aspxGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Rogers, B.J., McLachlan, K., & Roesch, R. (2013). Resilience and enculturation: Strengths among young offenders with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 8(1), 62-80. https://doi.org/10.7202/1071407arGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Rojas, E.Y., & Gretton, H.M. (2007). Background, offence characteristics, and criminal outcomes of aboriginal youth who sexually offend: A closer look at aboriginal youth intervention needs. Sexual Abuse-a Journal of Research and Treatment, 19(3), 257-283. https://doi.org/10.1177/107906320701900306Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Ross-Houle, K., & Porcellato, L. (2021). Recovery capital in the context of homelessness, high levels of alcohol consumption, and adverse significant life events. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2021.2014402Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Samaroden, M. (2018). Challenges and resiliency in Aboriginal adults with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. First Peoples Child & Family Review, 13(1), 8-19. https://doi.org/10.7202/1082386arGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Streissguth, A.P., Bookstein, F.L., Barr, H.M., Sampson, P.D., O’Malley, K., & Young, J.K. (2004). Risk factors for adverse life outcomes in fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol effects. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 25(4), 228-238. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004703-200408000-00002Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Thorne, S. (2016). Interpretive description: Qualitative research for applied practice (2nd edition). Routledge.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Thorne, S., Kirkham, S.R., & MacDonald-Emes, J. (1997). Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge. Research in Nursing & Health, 20(2), 169–177. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199704)20:2<169::AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-IGoogle Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada [TRC]. (2015). Calls to action.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- White, W., & Cloud, W. (2008). Recovery capital: A primer for addictions professionals. Counselor, 9(5), 22-27.Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar
- Wooditch, A., Tang, L.L., & Taxman, F.S. (2014). Which criminogenic need changes are most important in promoting desistance from crime and substance use? Criminal Justice and Behavior, 41(3), 276–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854813503543Google Scholar Search this bibliographic reference on Google Scholar