Abstracts
Abstract
“The Soul of Man under Socialism” is unique among Oscar Wilde’s essays because it was published as a book during his lifetime. As The Soul of Man, it appeared five days after his sentencing to two years’ imprisonment. Issued by family friend Arthur Humphreys, The Soul of Man was published in a modest, privately printed edition limited to fifty copies. Wilde’s essay provided Humphreys with an opportunity to combat injustice with idealism. Humphreys’ edition went further, intensifying Wilde’s denunciation of a punitive society by emending the essay’s text, specifically by deleting the word “occasional” from Wilde’s critique of crime and punishment. Indeed, the essay’s strident indignation derives from a sense of solidarity with identities considered deviant by public opinion, which, I argue, was precisely Humphreys’ purpose when he pointedly published The Soul of Man in 1895.
Résumé
« L’âme de l’homme sous le socialisme » est une pièce unique parmi les essais d’Oscar Wilde en ceci qu’elle fut publiée en tant que livre de son vivant. Sous le titre de L’âme de l’homme, l’oeuvre parut cinq jours après la condamnation à deux ans de prison de son auteur. Publiée en 1895 par Arthur Humphreys, un proche, elle parut dans une modeste édition privée limitée à cinquante exemplaires. L’essai donna à Humphreys l’occasion de combattre l’injustice par l’idéalisme. En sa qualité d’éditeur, il révisa le texte de Wilde, faisant notamment disparaître un mot atténuant, « occasionnel », de sa critique de la société punitive. Je suggère dans cet article que c’est précisément cette intervention éditoriale qui intensifie le message de Wilde et donne à l’oeuvre son ton d’indignation stridente, dans un geste de solidarité avec les identités considérées comme déviantes par l’opinion publique.
Appendices
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