Abstracts
Résumé
Il est généralement admis que le pouvoir des ONG a augmenté avec la mondialisation mais à ce jour, peu d’auteurs se sont attachés à expliquer pourquoi. À l’aide d’un modèle fondé sur l’économie institutionnelle, cet article vise à identifier les déterminants de ce pouvoir et souhaite ouvrir le débat sur sa légitimité. L’une des conclusions du modèle est que le système de quasi-régulation qui est en train de se mettre en place sous l’égide de l’interaction entre ONG et firmes multinationales risque de porter en lui un biais culturel, soit celui des populations des pays les plus développés.
Mots-clés :
- mondialisation,
- ONG,
- entreprises multinationales,
- politique privée,
- quasi-pouvoir de régulation,
- pays développés,
- pays en voie de développement,
- économie institutionnelle
Abstract
It is generally accepted that the power of NGOs has increased with globalization, but to date, few authors have attempted to explain why. Using a model based on institutional economics, this article aims to identify the determinants of this power and wants to open the debate on its legitimacy. One conclusion of the model is that the system of quasi-regulation resulting from the interaction between NGOs and multinational corporations may carry within itself a cultural bias, or that of the people of the most developed countries.
Keywords:
- globalization,
- NGOs,
- multinational corporations,
- private politics,
- quasi-regulatory powers,
- developed countries,
- developing countries,
- institutional economics
Resumen
En general se acepta que el poder de las ONG ha aumentado con la globalización, pero hasta la fecha, pocos autores han tratado de explicar por qué. Con el uso de un modelo basado en la economía institucional, este artículo pretende identificar los factores determinantes de este poder y abrir el debate sobre su legitimidad. Una conclusión del modelo es que el sistema de cuasi-regulación que se está creando como resultado de la interacción entre las ONG y las corporaciones multinacionales puede llevar dentro de sí un sesgo cultural, o el de las personas de los países más desarrollados.
Palabras clave:
- globalización,
- ONG,
- corporaciones multinacionales,
- política privada,
- poderes de cuasi-regulación,
- países desarrollados,
- países en desarrollo,
- economía institucional
Appendices
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