Abstracts
Résumé
Les élèves peuvent vivre plusieurs effets négatifs liés à la fréquentation scolaire, comme le désengagement et la détresse psychologique. Le but de cette recherche est de décrire comment les enseignants y contribuent. Nous avons réalisé une revue des écrits en utilisant la méthode EPPI. L’analyse démontre que les interactions négatives rapportées par les élèves sont l’incompétence, le caractère offensant et l’indolence de l’enseignant. Certaines interactions négatives échappent à la perception des élèves, soit le contrôle de l’enseignant et les relations conflictuelles. Même si les interactions négatives débutent dès le préscolaire, la situation s’aggrave surtout au secondaire. Nous décrivons les mécanismes psychiques à l’origine des comportements des enseignants, et leurs effets sur le développement des jeunes.
Abstract
Students may experience several negative effects related to school attendance, such as disengagement and psychological distress. The purpose of this research is to describe how teachers contribute to it. We conducted a literature review using the EPPI method. The analysis shows that the negative interactions reported by the students are the incompetence, the offensiveness and the indolence of the teacher. Some negative interactions escape the students’ perceptions, which are the teacher control, and the conflictual relationships. Even if negative interactions begin as early as preschool, the situation worsens especially in high school. We describe the psychic mechanisms behind the behavior of teachers, and their effects on the development of students.
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Appendices
Notes biographiques
Stephane Levasseur est étudiant au doctorat et chargé d’enseignement au Département d’études sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage de l’Université Laval. Il a été enseignant au secondaire pendant dix ans.
Christine Hamel est professeure agrégée au Département d’études sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage de l’Université Laval. Ses travaux de recherche portent sur l’analyse de l’activité des enseignants en formation initiale et en formation continue, la formation pratique à l’enseignement et à l’usage de la vidéo pour soutenir le développement professionnel. Elle est chercheuse régulière pour le centre de recherche et d’intervention sur la réussite scolaire et éducative (CRIRES).
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Appendices
Biographical notes
Stephane Levasseur is a PhD student and lecturer at the Département d’études sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage at the Université Laval. He worked as a high school teacher for 10 years.
Christine Hamel is a professor at the Département d’études sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage at the Université Laval. Her research focuses on the analysis of teacher activity in initial and continuing education, practical training in teaching, and the use of video to support professional development. She is a regular researcher for the research and intervention center on academic and educational success (CRIRES).