Synthèse des connaissances relatives aux impacts des routes sur l’écologie du caribou

St-Laurent, Martin-Hugues; Renaud, Limoilou-Amélie; Leblond, Mathieu; Beauchesne, David

doi:https://doi.org/10.7202/1009105ar

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Résumé

Le caribou (Rangifer tarandus) est une espèce particulièrement sensible aux perturbations anthropiques. En utilisant un cadre conceptuel basé sur les différentes échelles biologiques de réponse à une perturbation, nous présentons une revue des connaissances actuelles sur les impacts des routes, chemins et sentiers sur plusieurs facettes de l’écologie de cette espèce. Que ce soit en induisant une augmentation du comportement de vigilance, un évitement des routes, une diminution de l’accès à des ressources alimentaires ou encore un plus grand risque de rencontre avec un prédateur, les routes représentent des perturbations anthropiques importantes, dont les impacts s’ajoutent aux autres formes de perturbations présentes en milieu forestier.

Mots-clés :

caribou forestier,
échelles biologiques,
effets cumulés,
fragmentation,
routes

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Martin-Hugues St-Laurent est professeur en écologie animale à l’Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR) (martin-hugues_st-laurent@uqar.ca), où Limoilou-Amélie Renaud est étudiante à la maîtrise en gestion de la faune et de ses habitats (la_renaud@hotmail.com) et Mathieu Leblond étudiant au doctorat en biologie (Mathieu_Leblond@uqar.ca).

David Beauchesne est étudiant à la maîtrise en géographie à l’Université Concordia.

Tous les auteurs sont membres du groupe de recherche BORÉAS et du Centre d’études nordiques.

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