Abstracts
Résumé
La diète cétogène, une diète riche en matières grasses et faible en glucides, originalement développée pour le traitement de l’épilepsie, est de plus en plus considérée pour le traitement de la stéatose hépatique non-alcoolique (SHNA), la maladie chronique du foie la plus prévalente dans les pays développés. Des études animales et humaines ont été menées afin d’élucider l’effet de la diète cétogène sur la perte de poids et la SHNA. Toutefois, la plupart des études sont limitées par leur petite taille d’échantillon et leur courte durée en plus du fait que plusieurs sont observationnelles empêchant ainsi d’établir un lien de causalité. Ainsi, la controverse demeure quant à un effet bénéfique potentiel de la diète cétogène sur les facteurs de risque cardiométaboliques et la SHNA indiquant un besoin d’études supplémentaires. À date, aucun consensus n’a été établi. Dans ce contexte, une intervention au niveau des habitudes de vie, incluant l’alimentation, de type méditerranéen, et l’exercice physique, tout en considérant l’image corporelle, semble être la stratégie de choix. Une perte de poids de 7-10% est la première ligne de traitement pour les gens souffrant de SHNA. Les diététistes professionnels sont essentiels et les mieux placés pour l’éducation et le traitement des patients atteints de SHNA.
Mots-clés :
- Stéatose hépatique non-alcoolique,
- Maladie du foie,
- Diète cétogène,
- Études animales,
- Études humaines
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Appendices
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