Abstracts
Abstract
In Croatia, a trial was conducted to determine the presence of the Fusarium mycotoxins fumonisin B1 and zearalenone in wheat kernels and to evaluate the efficacy of nine fungicides on Fusarium head blight severity as well as fumonisin B1 and zearalenone accumulation in wheat grain. Fumonisin B1 and zearalenone were detected in all grain samples in mean concentrations ranging from 182.0 to 446.6 µg kg-1 (fumonisin B1) and from 2.59 to 5.33 µg kg-1 (zearalenone). No significant differences were found among fumonisin B1 and zearalenone content in wheat grain for the different fungicide treatments. No correlation was revealed between Fusarium head blight severity and fumonisin B1 or zearalenone content in wheat grain, nor between fungicide efficacy and fumonisin B1 or zearalenone content in wheat grain. Under conditions of high disease pressure, efficacy of the fungicides was between 85.7% (tebuconazole + triadimefon) and 72.1% (carbendazim).
Keywords:
- Fumonisin B1,
- fungicides,
- Fusarium head blight,
- zearalenone
Résumé
Un essai a été effectué en Croatie afin de déterminer la présence de fumonisine B1 et de zéaralenone, des mycotoxines de Fusarium, dans des grains de blé et d'évaluer l'efficacité de neuf fongicides à réduire la gravité de la brûlure de l’épi causée par le fusarium ainsi que l’accumulation de fumonisine B1 et de zéaralenone dans les grains de blé. La fumonisine B1 et la zéaralenone ont été détectées dans tous les échantillons de grains, avec des concentrations moyennes variant entre 182,0 et 446,6 µg kg-1 (fumonisine B1) et entre 2,59 et 5,33 µg kg-1 (zéaralenone). Aucune différence significative n’a été trouvée entre les différents traitements fongicides quant à la teneur en fumonisine B1 et en zéaralenone dans les grains de blé. Aucune corrélation positive n’a été obtenue entre la gravité de la brûlure de l’épi causée par le fusarium et la teneur en fumonisine B1 ou en zéaralenone dans les grains de blé, ou encore entre l’efficacité des fongicides et la teneur en fumonisine B1 ou en zéaralenone dans les grains de blé. Sous des conditions sévères de maladie, l’efficacité des fongicides se situait entre 85,7 % (tébuconazole + triadiméfon) et 72,1 % (carbendazime).
Mots clés:
- Brûlure de l’épi causée par le fusarium,
- fongicides,
- fumonisine B1,
- zéaralenone
Appendices
References
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