Abstracts
Abstract
A study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of five insecticides against the Delhi and Bikaner populations of mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), using the leaf dip method, and against Coccinella septempunctata L. in semi-field conditions. Acetamiprid and thiamethoxam were found to be more toxic than other insecticides. After 24 h, the LC50 values for the Bikaner population against different insecticides were 7.0, 6.0, 4.0, 3.0 and 2.0 ppm for carbosulfan, bifenthrin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam, respectively. Similarly, the descending order of toxicity for the Delhi population was acetamiprid (7.0 ppm), thiamethoxam (9.0 ppm), imidacloprid (15.0 ppm), carbosulfan (32.0 ppm) and bifenthrin (36.0 ppm). The relative toxicity values suggest that in both populations, thiamethoxam and acetamiprid show the highest toxicity. Carbosulfan and bifenthrin were highly toxic to coccinellid grubs and resulted in 100% mortality in semi-field conditions, whereas the neonicotinoids acetamiprid and thiamethoxam showed less mortality. It showed the tolerance of coccinellidae against neonicotinoids under semi-field conditions.
Keywords:
- Coccinella septumpunctata,
- Lipaphis erysimi,
- populations,
- insecticides,
- safety,
- toxicity
Résumé
Une étude a été menée pour connaître l’efficacité de cinq insecticides sur des populations du puceron de la moutarde, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), de Delhi et de Bikaner en utilisant le procédé de résidu de feuille, ainsi que sur Coccinella septumpunctata L. en condition semi-naturelle. L’acétamipride et le thiaméthoxame se sont révélés plus toxiques que les autres insecticides. Après 24 h, les valeurs de LC50 pour la population de Bikaner en réaction aux différents insecticides étaient de 7,0, 6,0, 4,0, 3,0 et 2,0 ppm pour le carbosulfan, la bifenthrine, l’imidaclopride, l’acétamipride et le thiaméthoxame, respectivement. De même, l’ordre décroissant de toxicité pour la population de Delhi était l’acétamipride (7,0 ppm), le thiaméthoxame (9,0 ppm), l’imidaclopride (15,0 ppm), le carbosulfan (32,0 ppm) et la bifenthrine (36,0 ppm). Les valeurs de toxicité relatives ont démontré que dans les deux populations, le thiaméthoxame et l’acétamipride avaient la plus haute toxicité. Le carbosulfan et la bifenthrine étaient fortement toxiques aux larves de coccinelles et ont provoqué la mortalité de 100 % de la population en condition semi-naturelle, tandis que les néonicotinoïdes, l’acétamipride et le thiaméthoxame ont engendré moins de mortalité. Cela démontre la tolérance des coccinelles aux néonicotinoïdes en condition semi-naturelle.
Mots-clés :
- Coccinella septumpunctata,
- insecticides,
- Lipaphis erysimi,
- populations,
- sécurité,
- toxicité
Appendices
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