Abstracts
Résumé
Interagir avec l’enfant dans son jeu de faire-semblant pour favoriser ses apprentissages et son développement est une pratique enseignante complexe et sensible (Wood, 2007). Elle suscite de nombreux questionnements chez les enseignantes (Bouchard et al., 2021; Pyle et Alaca, 2018), dont celui de conserver la perspective de l’enfant lors de ces interactions (Clerc-Georgy et al., 2021). Une manière originale de faire émerger des pistes de réponse à ces questionnements serait de mobiliser un concept issu de l’approche historico-culturelle, soit celui de perezhivanie. Cet article théorique a pour objectif de présenter la perezhivanie dans le contexte des écrits de Vygotski et d’exposer la pertinence de son utilisation dans le cadre de la recherche en éducation. Dans ses premiers écrits, Vygotski (1994) donne un sens phénoménologique à la perezhivanie. Elle se rapporte alors à la considération de toute expérience vécue et à la manière dont elle l’est en entrelaçant affectif et cognitif (Veresov, 2017). Avec l’avancement de sa théorie historico-culturelle, Vygotski circonscrit la perezhivanie comme un concept théorique (Veresov, 2016). De cet angle de vue, le concept de perezhivanie permet de comprendre l’influence de l’environnement sur le processus de développement de l’enfant (Vygotski, 1994). Bien qu’empreinte de défis théoriques et méthodologiques (Brennan, 2014), la perezhivanie est un cadre pertinent à considérer pour les recherches en éducation, notamment à l’éducation préscolaire, permettant, par exemple, d’étudier la dynamique des interactions en classe entre l’enseignante et l’enfant en situation de jeu de faire-semblant.
Mots-clés :
- perezhivanie,
- expérience subjective,
- environnement socioculturel,
- interactions,
- approche historico-culturelle
Abstract
Interacting with children in their make-believe play to promote their learning and development is a complex and sensitive teaching practice (Wood, 2007). It raises many questions for early childhood teachers (Bouchard et al., 2021; Pyle and Alaca, 2018), including maintaining the child's perspective during these interactions (Clerc-Georgy et al., 2021). An original way of finding answers to these questions would be to involve a concept from the cultural-historical approach, namely perezhivanie. The aim of this theoretical article is to present perezhivanie in the context of Vygotski's writings and to explain the relevance of its use in educational research. In his early writings, Vygotski (1994) gives a phenomenological meaning to perezhivanie. It refers to the consideration of any lived experience and how it is lived by intertwining affective and cognitive dimensions (Veresov, 2017). With the advancement of his cultural-historical theory, Vygotski circumscribed perezhivanie as a theoretical concept (Veresov, 2016). From this perspective, the concept of perezhivanie allows us to understand the influence of the environment on the child's developmental process (Vygotski, 1994). Although fraught with theoretical and methodological challenges (Brennan, 2014), perezhivanie is a relevant framework to consider for future educational research, since it would make it possible, in particular, to study the dynamics of the interactions in the early childhood education classroom, such as between the teacher and the child in a make-believe play situation.
Keywords:
- perezhivanie,
- subjective experience,
- socio-cultural environment,
- interactions,
- historical-cultural approach
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Appendices
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