Abstracts
Abstract
Anyone involved in e-learning is certain to have run across the word practice in connection with a number of notable expressions or phrases: communities of practice, best practices, and teaching practices among others. However, there have been few definitions or discussions that address exactly what practice is. This article provides a short overview of the practice approach, focusing first on its origin in the philosophy of Heidegger and the sociology of Bourdieu. It then provides and analyzes examples of everyday conversational practices, exploring how computer technology can work with (or against) the unscripted, improvisational nature of practice. In this way, this article illustrates both how and why this approach can be valuable for research in e-learning.
Keywords:
- Practice,
- activity,
- e-learning,
- human-computer interaction,
- conversation analysis
Résumé
Quiconque oeuvrant dans l’apprentissage en ligne est assuré d’avoir rencontré le mot pratique en lien avec bon nombre d’expressions ou de phrases telles que communautés de pratique, meilleures pratiques, et pratiques d’enseignement. Toutefois, il subsiste peu de définitions ou de discussions sur ce qu’est exactement la pratique. Cet article présente donc un rapide survol de l’approche par pratique, en se concentrant d’abord sur ses origines dans la philosophie de Heidegger et la sociologie de Bourdieu. Il enchaîne avec l’analyse d’exemples des pratiques de conversation de tous les jours, en explorant comment les technologies de l’informatique peuvent travailler avec (ou contre), la nature imprévue et improvisée de la pratique. De cette façon, cet article cherche à illustrer à la fois comment et pourquoi cette approche peut se révéler utile au niveau de la recherche dans l’apprentissage en ligne.
Mots-clés :
- Pratique,
- activité,
- apprentissage en ligne,
- interaction homme-ordinateur,
- analyse de contenu
Appendices
Bibliographie
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