Abstracts
Résumé
Cet article analyse le niveau de résilience chez des adultes survivants du séisme de 2010 en Haïti en rapport au soutien social. Un échantillon de 1355 adultes a complété l’Échelle de résilience et le Questionnaire de soutien social. Les résultats ont montré que 58,52 % des participants présentent un niveau de résilience entre moyennement élevé et très élevé avec de forts liens avec la satisfaction du soutien social. Sur le plan clinique, ces résultats montrent l’importance d’aider les survivants de catastrophes naturelles à identifier les ressources sociales disponibles et à tisser des liens sociaux forts pour engager un processus résilient.
Mots-clés :
- séisme en Haïti,
- résilience,
- soutien social,
- bien-être,
- adultes
Abstract
This article analyzes the resilience level in adult survivors of the 2010 earthquake in Haiti in relation to social support. A sample of 1,355 adults completed the Resilience Scale and the Social Support Questionnaire. The results showed that 58.52 % of them have a level of resilience between moderately high and very high and strong links between social support satisfaction and resilience. Clinically, it shows the importance of helping natural disasters survivors to identify social resources and build strong social ties in order to engage in a resilient process.
Keywords:
- earthquake in Haiti,
- resilience,
- social support,
- well-being,
- adults
Download the article in PDF to read it.
Download
Appendices
Bibliographie
- Anaut, M. (2012). Résilience affective.. Dans B. Cyrulnik et G. Jorland (dir.), Résilience : connaissances de base (p. 65-83). Paris, France : Odile Jacob.
- André, G. A., Germain, G. et Massé, D. (2014). Population, croissance économique et emploi. Port-au-Prince, Haïti : IHSI.
- Bayard, D. (2010). Haiti earthquake relief, phase two - Long-term needs and local resources. New England Journal of Medicine, 362(20), 1858-1861. Récupéré de http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1003839
- Bijoux, L. (1990). Coup d’oeil sur la famille haïtienne. Port-au-Prince, Haïti : Éditions des Antilles
- Blanc, J., Bui, E., Mouchenik, Y., Derivois, D. et Birmes, P. (2015). Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in two groups of children one year after the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti. Journal of Affective Disorders, 172, 121–126. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.055
- Bruchon-Schweitzer, M., Rascle, N., Cousson-Gélie, F., Fortier, C., Sifakis, Y. et Constant, A. (2003). Le Questionnaire de soutien social de Sarason (SSQ6). Une adaptation française. Psychologie française, 48, 41-53. Récupéré de http://www.researchgate.net/publication/235341355_Le_questionnaire_de_soutien_social_de_Sarason_(SSQ6)_Une_adaptation_francaise
- Burnett, Jr, H. J. et Helm, H. (2013). Relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder, resilience, and religious orientation and practices among university student earthquake survivors in Haiti. InternationalJournal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience, 15(2), 97-104.
- Camfield, L. et McGregor, A. (2005). Resilience and well-being in developing countries. Dans M. Ungar (dir.), Handbook for working with children and youth: Pathways to resilience across cultures and contexts (p. 189-209). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications.
- Cavallo, E., Powell, A. et Becerra, O. (2010). Estimating the direct economic damages of the earthquake in Haiti. The Economic Journal, 120(546), F298-F312. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02378.x
- Cénat, J. M. (2014). Tremblement de terre du 12 janvier 2010 en Haïti : Des traumatismes à la résilience. Lyon, France : Université Lumière Lyon 2.
- Cénat, J. M. (2015). Résilience et soutien social chez les enfants et adolescents haïtiens survivants du tremblement de terre du 12 janvier 2010. Revue haïtienne de santé mentale, 3(1), 67-84.
- Cénat, J. M. et Derivois, D. (2014a). Assessment of prevalence and determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms in adults survivors of earthquake in Haiti after 30 months. Journal of Affective Disorders, 159, 111-117. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.02.025
- Cénat, J. M. et Derivois, D. (2014b). Psychometric properties of the Creole Haitian version of the Resilience Scale amongst child and adolescent survivors of the 2010 earthquake. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(2), 388-395. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.09.008
- Cénat, J. M. et Derivois, D. (2015). Long-term outcomes among child and adolescent survivors of the 2010 Haitian earthquake. Depression and Anxiety, 32(1), 57-63. http://doi.org/10.1002/da.22275
- Cénat, J. M., Derivois, D., Hébert, M., Eid, P. et Mouchenik, Y. (2015). Psychometric properties of the Haitian Creole version of the Resilience Scale with a sample of adult survivors of the 2010 earthquake. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 63, 96-104. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.09.002
- Cénat, J. M., Derivois, D. et Merisier, G. G. (2013). École et résilience chez les enfants et adolescents dans l’Haïti postséisme. Revue québécoise de psychologie, 34(2), 189-201.
- Cerdá, M., Paczkowski, M., Galea, S., Nemethy, K., Péan, C. et Desvarieux, M. (2013). Psychopathology in the aftermath of the haiti earthquake: a population-based study of posttraumatic stress disorder and and major depression. Depression and Anxiety, 30(5), 413-424. http://doi.org/10.1002/da.22007
- Derivois, D., Mérisier, G. G., Cénat, J. M. et Val, C. (2014). Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and social support among children and adolescents after the 2010 Haitian earthquake. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 19(3), 202-212. http://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2013.789759
- Feng, S., Tan, H., Benjamin, A., Wen, S., Liu, A., Zhou, J., . . . Li, G. (2007). Social support and posttraumatic stress disorder among flood victims in Hunan, China. Annals of Epidemiology, 17(10), 827-833. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.04.002
- Green, R. A., Olson, S. M., Cox, B. R., Rix, G. J., Rathje, E., Bachhuber, J., . . . Martin, N. (2011). Geotechnical aspects of failures at Port-au-Prince seaport during the 12 January 2010 Haiti earthquake. Earthquake Spectra, 27(S1), S43-S65. http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3636440
- Horton, T. V. et Wallander, J. L. (2001). Hope and social support as resilience factors against psychological distress of mothers who care for children with chronic physical conditions. Rehabilitation Psychology, 46(4), 382-399. http://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.46.4.382
- Institut haitien de statistique et d’informatique. (2005). Rapport du 4e recensement général de la population (Report of the 4th general census of population). Port-au-Prince, Haïti : IHSI.
- International Organization of Migration (2010). 2010 Annual Report. New York, New York : OIM.
- Joseph, N. E. et Derivois, D. (2016). Clinique de la créativité chez les enfants des rues en Haïti. Neuropsychiatrie de l’enfance et de l’adolescence, 64(5), 324–330. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2016.06.005
- Lei, M., Li, C., Xiao, X., Qiu, J., Dai, Y. et Zhang, Q. (2012). Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Resilience Scale in Wenchuan earthquake survivors. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(5), 616-622. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.08.007
- Lundman, B., Strandberg, G., Eisemann, M., Gustafson, Y. et Brulin, C. (2007). Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Resilience Scale. ScandinavianJournal of Caring Sciences, 21(2), 229-237. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2007.00461.x
- Mouchenik, Y., Marty-Chevreuil, A., Marquer, C., Joseph, N. E., Ducasse, J. W., Ryswick, C., . . . Moro, M. R. (2014). Indicative evaluation of psychological disturbance amongst young children affected by the January 2010 Haiti earthquake, in Port-au-Prince. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 9(3), 247-257. http://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2014.901589
- Nishi, D., Uehara, R., Yoshikawa, E., Sato, G., Ito, M. et Matsuoka, Y. (2013). Culturally sensitive and universal measure of resilience for Japanese populations: Tachikawa Resilience Scale in comparison with Resilience Scale 14-item version. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 67(3), 174-181. http://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12028
- Rascle, N., Bruchon-Schweitzer, M. et Sarason, I. G. (2005). Short form of sarason’s social support questionnaire: french adaptation and validation 1. Psychological Reports, 97(1), 195–202. http://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.97.1.195-202
- Rutter, M. (1985). Resilience in the face of adversity: Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 598-611. Récupéré de http://www99.mh-hannover.de/aktuelles/projekte/mmm/englishversion/fs_programme/speech/Rutter_V.html
- Sarason, I. G., Sarason, B. R., Shearin, E. N. et Pierce, G. R. (1987). A brief measure of social support: Practical and theoretical implications. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 4(4), 497-510. http://doi.org/10.1177/0265407587044007
- UNDP (United Nations Development Program) (2010). 2010 Report. New York, New York : United Nations Development Programme.
- Wagnild, G. (2009). A review of the Resilience Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 17(2), 105-113. http://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.17.2.105
- Wagnild, G. M. et Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165-178. Récupéré de http://www.resiliencescale.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Wagnild-Young-psychom-R.pdf
- Wilks, S. E. (2008). Psychometric evaluation of the shortened resilience scale among Alzheimer’s caregivers. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other, 23(2), 143-149.