Abstracts
Résumé
Quand un étudiant se retrouve en situation de tentation, ses parents/professeurs usent fréquemment de leur autorité pour le convaincre de persister dans son apprentissage. La présente étude propose une autre stratégie : la réévaluation cognitive. Elle consiste à changer la signification de la situation. Quatre-vingt-dix participants ont mémorisé des informations tout en étant tentés de regarder des images. Comparés à ceux qui n’avaient pas effectué de réévaluation ou qui avaient reçu l’injonction de bien faire, le groupe ayant réévalué la tâche (1) s’est moins laissé distraire, (2) a amélioré sa performance et (3) a attribué plus de valeur à la tâche.
Mots-clés :
- tentation,
- réévaluation cognitive,
- valeur de la tâche,
- motivation,
- apprentissage
Abstract
When students find themselves in a situation of temptation, their parents/teachers frequently exercise authority to convince them to persist in their learning. This study suggests an alternative strategy : cognitive reappraisal, consisting in changing the meaning of the situation. Ninety participants memorized information while being tempted to look at some images. Compared with those who had not made a reappraisal or had been instructed to do the task properly, the group who had reappraised the task (1) was less distracted, (2) improved its performance and (3) allotted more value to the task.
Keywords:
- Temptation,
- cognitive reappraisal,
- value,
- motivation,
- learning
Resumen
Cuando un estudiante se encuentra tentado a abandonar su trabajo, con frecuencia los padres o profesores ejercen su autoridad para convencerlo de continuar su aprendizaje. El presente estudio propone una estrategia alternativa : la reevaluación cognoscitiva, que consiste en cambiar el significado de la situación de distracción. Las noventa personas que participaron en este estudio, fueron sometidas a una situación de distracción que consistió en la presentación de imágenes, al mismo tiempo que se les pedía memorizar información. Los participantes que reevaluaron la tarea, comparados con los que no efectuaron la reevaluación o con los que recibieron la orden de trabajar bien, son : (1) los que menos se distraen (2) los que han mejorado su resultado y (3) los que han atribuido más valor al trabajo.
Palabras clave:
- Tentación,
- Reevaluación cognitiva,
- Valor de la tarea,
- Motivación y aprendizaje
Appendices
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