Abstracts
Abstract
At the English court of Queen consort Henrietta Maria (1625-1642), translation was used as a political tool, partly to impose the queen’s linguistic, cultural and Catholic heritage on Calvinist England. The queen played a pivotal role as a patron of the arts and an agent of Anglo-French cultural relations, and many translators dedicated texts to her in the hopes of winning her favour. This article focuses on “translating agents” (Buzelin, 2005), i.e. translators, printers and patrons, operating in the political, religious and literary networks in and around the Queen’s court. My research draws on scholarship on the cultural and ideological aspects of translation in Stuart Court culture and builds on recent studies on the intersection between translation and print in early modern Europe. I study patterns of patronage, literary production, and text circulation; and I probe the political, social, religious, and print networks involved in the production of translations associated with the Queen’s court, and extending well beyond its social or geographical boundaries. I examine translations using digital catalogues (Early English Books Online, Renaissance Cultural Crossroads, Cultural Crosscurrents in Stuart and Commonwealth Britain), and conduct paratextual analyses of translations dedicated to Henrietta Maria. In this article, I study translator Thomas Hawkins by using data from Six Degrees of Francis Bacon and the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Hawkins was a key translating agent who operated in transnational Catholic print networks and whose translations of Jesuit Nicolas Caussin’s La Cour Sainte found their way into social and literary networks around the Queen’s court. I situate Hawkins in the political and ideological contexts of the time and show how he promoted Catholic devotional literature in his capacity as agent of translation, culture and ideology. Hawkins’s case illustrates how agency, patronage and power come together in early modern England’s culture of printed translations.
Keywords:
- translating agents,
- political networks,
- printed translation culture,
- Queen Henrietta Maria,
- Thomas Hawkins
Résumé
À la cour anglaise de la reine consort Henriette Marie (1625-1642), la traduction était utilisée comme outil politique en partie pour imposer l’héritage linguistique, culturel et catholique de la reine sur l’Angleterre calviniste. La reine jouait un rôle central comme mécène des arts et agente des relations anglo-françaises, et de nombreux traducteurs lui dédicaçaient des oeuvres pour gagner sa faveur. Je m’intéresse aux « agents traduisants » (Buzelin, 2005), c’est-à-dire aux traducteurs, imprimeurs, et mécènes qui opéraient dans les réseaux politiques, religieux et littéraires de la cour. Je m’appuie sur des travaux sur les aspects culturels et idéologiques de la traduction dans la culture de cour des Stuart et sur des études récentes sur les traductions imprimées en Angleterre prémoderne. J’étudie le mécénat, la production littéraire et la circulation des textes; puis je sonde les réseaux politiques, sociaux, religieux et les réseaux de l’imprimé liés à la production de traductions à la cour de la reine. J’analyse des traductions de catalogues numériques (Early English Books Online, Renaissance Cultural Crossroads, Cultural Crosscurrents in Stuart and Commonwealth Britain) ainsi que les paratextes de traductions dédicacées à Henriette Marie en m’appuyant sur des données de Six Degrees of Francis Bacon et du Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Dans cet article, je présente le cas de Thomas Hawkins, un agent traduisant clé des réseaux transnationaux catholiques de l’imprimé dont les traductions de La Cour Sainte du jésuite Nicolas Caussin se sont fait une place dans les réseaux sociaux et littéraires de la reine. Je situe Hawkins dans son contexte politique et idéologique et je montre comment il a promu de la littérature dévotionnelle catholique à titre d’agent de traduction, de culture et d’idéologie. Le cas de Hawkins illustre comment l’agentivité, le mécénat et le pouvoir s’unissent dans la culture des traductions imprimées en Angleterre prémoderne.
Mots-clés :
- agents traduisants,
- réseaux politiques,
- culture de l’imprimé,
- reine Henriette Marie,
- Thomas Hawkins
Appendices
Bibliography
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