Documents found
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1881.More information
This article examines how Latin-American intellectuals in Mexico and Costa Rica have reformulated the discourse on and definition of violence against women over the past 20 years. Its goal is to identify the defining strategies used in the concepts femicidio and feminicidio to denounce, conceptualize, and politicize violence experienced by women, especially in a private context. By combining inputs from sociology and linguistics, this article highlights the intersecting dynamics between the contexts of mobilization, discursive formulation of new concepts, and how new legal categories are brought to the public agenda.
Keywords: Feminicidio, femicidio, violence contre les femmes, violence de genre, violence conjugale, violence familiale, féminisme, pénalisation de la violence, Feminicidio, femicidio, violence against women, gender violence, conjugal violence, domestic violence, feminism, criminalisation of violence
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1882.More information
SummaryThe search for a unified principle to account, from an economic point of view, for the presence of the state, imposes a compromise between the necessary simplifications of a theoretical framework and the operational and comparative requirements of empirical work. With a complex object, uncertainty and ignorance are the rule, and they impose a specific heuristic strategy. The problem must be constructed methodically so that, in a further stage, it becomes possible to delimitate the space of relevance, necessarily local, of the framework. The Complex Integrated Relational State approach (ERIC) and the concept of Mode of Public Presence in the Economy (MPPE) proposed in this article offer a first answer to the vast programme opened by tins perspective.
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1883.More information
During the 20th century, the development of sound recording and information technologies revolutionized the musical practices of many creators. Fascinated by the unprecedented sonic possibilities of these new tools, musicians became technicians, engineers, and even programmers in order to realize their musical goals. The need for up-to-date equipment (rare and very expensive at first), as well as the technical knowledge to use and develop it, gave rise to research and creative centres where engineers and composers gathered. The present article examines the early institutions that were so important to the discipline, focusing on two key figures in the development of musical technology, Pierre Schaeffer (grm, France) and Max Mathews (Bell Labs, United States), often referred to as the fathers of electroacoustic and computer music. Mathews' primary collaborators are also discussed: Jean-Claude Risset, and John Chowning of Stanford University. Sections of the article describe the history of the very first studios, which were founded by state broadcasters, as well as others that sprang up at North American universities during the 1950s. The survey concludes with French institutions that appeared in the 1960s and 1970s. These groundbreaking institutions cultivated important research and creative activities that sparked the development of technological tools for musical creation.
Keywords: électroacoustique, électronique, informatique musicale, recherche musicale, studios, technologie, electroacoustic, electronic, computer music, musical research, studios, technology
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1884.More information
This paper examines Quebec's public concerns toward landscape. Three forms of interest are distinguished: discovery/invention (landscape pictorial art), consumption (tourism), and social demands for landscape (interests expressed through active attitudes toward landscape evolution). The authors suggest that some prerequisites related to knowledge, planning practices, as well as public awareness actions are still needed in Québec. Nevertheless, the emerging social demand appears to be closely related to environmental or heritage concerns and is supported by associative movements that share various interests (environment, heritage, rurality, recreation tourism, etc.). In fact, although landscape does not arouse in itself a clearly expressed social demand, many local and regional initiatives attest to the importance of landscape as a determinant element for the quality of the living environment.
Keywords: Paysage, cadre de vie, demande sociale, environnement, patrimoine, Québec, Landscape, living environment, social demand, environment, héritage, Québec
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1888.