McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1963

A statistician responsible for the library surveys of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics soon becomes aware of the problems of public library finance. In addition to the financial data contained in published reports, more detailed information on public library finance is frequently requested, and put to many uses by librarians, trustees, and government officials. Individual libraries use financial data from the Dominion Bureau of Statistics in their annual reports, for comparative purposes, to measure the growth of their respective libraries in relation to public library growth in Canada as a whole. Provincial public library agencies use the information for comparisons …  Read more

The family Pyrgomorphidae comprises about four hundred or so known species of grasshoppers, the majority of which are from tropical and subtropical countries, chiefly of the Old World. The morphology, other than that of the phallic complex, has not been critically studied in the course of this work. The following general characters of the group are, therefore, mainly those given by more recent authors such as Slifer (1940a), Laird (1943), Rehn (1953b), Kevan (1955; 1959; 1961a), Dirsh (1956; 1961a) and Helwig (1958). The chief distinguishing features of the family are as follows.  Read more

A spectral analysis of northward beat transport in the northern hemisphere was performed by the Fourier analysis method. This method was applied at 500 mb, 100 mb and 25 mb for five-day intervals from October 5, 1959 through March 28, 1960. A comparison of stratospheric warmings of this period with those of the previous year studied by Boville (1961), revealed that the heat transport could be accomplished mainly by wave numbers one and/or two. From 500-mb, 100-mb and 25-mb time-sections of northward heat transport, divergences were determined to calculate the local temperature time derivatives. These derivatives were in turn compared …  Read more

It was the fortune of Andrew Melville, no less than of John Knox, to have received sufficient training outside his native land to make a European out of one who might otherwise have been a parochial Scotsman. The intellectual stimuli to which he was exposed in Europe undoubtedly contributed greatly to his later effectiveness as chief exponent of Presbyterian doctrines among his own race. Since such of the importance of Andrew Melville lies in the distinctive role he played as mediator in the struggle between the interests of church and state in Scotland, one can obtain little understanding of his …  Read more

In the field of Physical Education, "physical fitness" has a definite meaning though the term has so far defied accurate physiological definition. Since "fitness", in the light of present day definitions is generally considered to result from "physical training", most scientific investigations in this field has been directed towards measuring the effects of "training" on cardiovascular and respiratory parameters or towards comparing these parameters in the trained and untrained subjects. Some of the parameters, in particular those which are easily measured such as pulse rate, ventilation and oxygen uptake, have been well studied and the changes which occur on exercise …  Read more

The controversy regarding the cell of origin of white adipose tissue fat cells has not been resolved. It has not as yet been established whether a fat cell represents a modified connective tissue fibroblast which has accumulated lipid (44, 35) or is derived from a specialized perivascular reticular mesenchymal cell (174). The fat cell has been classically described as having a signet ring appearance on histological section due to the peripherally displaced flattened nucleus and the large central vacuole representing the space occupied by fat. A very thin attenuated ring of cytoplasm exists but is not readily apparent by light …  Read more

The role of the pleasantness or unpleasantness of words in verbal learning attracted considerable interest earlier in this century. But recently this factor, the affective tone of verbal materials, has been neglected in the psychology of learning, apparently because the experimental literature, on the whole, presented an inconsistent picture. In some experiment s pleasant words were learned faster than unpleasant words, while in other experiments there was no difference between these two categories. The present thesis re-evaluates the earlier studies and organizes them into a meaningful pattern. On the basis of this pattern and within the context of current psychological …  Read more

The possibility of obtaining side thrust by injection of a vapourizing liquid into a hot supersonic flow is investigated. A simplified analytical solution is presented for the case where injection produces boundary layer separation, and the case where mixing between injected liquid and supersonic stream occurs without separation. The side specific impulse and cooling effect produced by water injection are computed for separation. Very high values of specific impulse and temperature reduction are predicted. Mixing is found to be a generally unsteady condition except at low temperatures and low injection rates. Experiments show that separation does occur and that the …  Read more

Hay is the most important crop in Quebec. According to the annual report of the Quebec Bureau of Statistics for 1961, of a total cultivated area of 7,864,176 acres in Quebec, 3,458,000 acres were in hay. The value of the hay crop in 1961 was 55.8 percent of the value of all field crops in the province. Since alfalfa, birdsfoot trefoil, red, alsike, and ladino clovers are cominant in this hay crop, their agricultural importance is apparent. This, together with the fact that some of these forage legumes, mainly red clover and alfalfa, are the most common rotation crops, led …  Read more

One recent trend in medicine has been a redefinition of chronic illness. Whereas formerly chronic illness referred to a disease “which is progressive, steadily or with remissions, towards severe crippling or death,” it is now defined as a “long-term disease which might be cured if given adequate prolonged treatment or which might remit for long periods after treatment, enabling the patient to return to worth while living.” Coupled with this new perspective has been the development of the therapeutic community which calls for the treatment of the patient as a 'total individual' and not simply as a personified diagnosis.  Read more

Placoconus lotoris (Schwartz, 1925) Webster, 1956 is an intestinal nematode parasite of North American raccoons and skunks. It is a hookworm belonging to the family Ancylostomatidae Looss, 1905, sub-family Bunostomatinae Looss, 1911. The parasite was originally described by Schwartz (1925) who named it Uncinaria lotoris. Chandler (1942) transferred it to the genus Arthrocephalus Ortlepp, 1925. Webster (1956) placed the worm in a new genus, Placoconus. Although Placoconus lotoris has been known for a comparatively long time, very little work has been done on its biology. The parasite when present in large numbers appears to affect adversely the health of the …  Read more

There are two extreme views on how discrimination learning takes place. One is the view advanced by Spence (1936) that excitatory and inhibitory tendencies to each stimulus are built up irrespective of the opportunity or lack of opportunity to compare the positive and negative stimuli. The other is the relational hypothesis, that subjects learn by comparing one stimulus with another, and that the amount of opportunity for comparison of stimuli affects the rate of learning. In support of the relational hypothesis, Loess and Duncan (1952), using human subjects, found that the learning of a difficult pattern discrimination under conditions of …  Read more

Various mechanisms that could yield proton radioactivity are discussed. The observation of this phenomenon is reported. The previously unreported nuclide Si25 beta decays to proton emitting excited states of Al25. The half-life of Si25 is 0.3 +0.2/-0.1 sec. Proton lines from the decay of Si25 dominate the delayed proton spectra following the bombardment of both 13Al and 14Si with 97 Mev protons. Si25 has (Z, N) of the form (2k+2, 2k-1) and is parent to a decay chain of the form: (2k+2, 2k-1) –(B+)-> (2k+1, 2k) – (p)-> (2k, 2k). It appears that bombardment of both element (2k+1) and element …  Read more

Acute pancreatitis may be induced by many different types of injuries to the organ. The tissue reaction may vary in severity, but it is believed that it varies little in character, whatever the agent causing the injury may be. For this reason acute pancreatitis is often defined as an acute inflammatory response of the pancreas to injury. In 1842 Classen (1) recognized acute pancreatitis and described its pathological picture. Soon after this, in 1850, Claude Bernard (2) induced the first experimental pancreatitis by injecting oil and bile into the pancreatic duct of animals.  Read more

This study was begun at the suggestion of Dr. Arthur Elvidge while the author was a Fellow in the Tumour Registry and Follow-Up Clinic. It was thought that by analyzing carefully the material gathered over a period of thirty years, and comprising the medulloblastomas and cerebellar sarcomas seen at the Montreal Neurological Institute during that time, pertinent information could be obtained concerning a) the difference in survival time in medulloblastomas and cerebellar sarcomas and b) types of treatment leading to prolongation of useful life in patients suffering from this disease.  Read more

The purpose of this thesis is the study of the four novels of Thomas Wolfe. Wolfe’s work is centered in a single protagonist; a figure that is largely autobiographical, and is dominated by a number of themes. In ‘Look Homeward’, ‘Angel’, the important themes are, the isolation of individuals and their inability to communicate with each other, the influence of chance in men's lives, and the effects of the passing of time. ‘Of Time and The River’ continues these ideas, but the dominant themes are those of Eugene's search for an external and permanent image of strength and wisdom, his …  Read more

Although the effects of radiation on inorganic and small organic molecules had been studied for many years, it was only in 1952 that work began on the examination of the changes produced by radiation in organic polymers. Early in this work it was found that on exposure to radiation the chains of some polymers were joined while the chains of others were broken. The reactions producing these changes are still not completely understood. Surprisingly little study has been devoted to the effect of radiation on the copolymer of butadiene and styrene which is the basic constituent of the synthetic rubber …  Read more

The flow of aqueous suspensions of fibres is of considerable theoretical and practical interest. It is of particular importance in the pulp and paper industry where pulp is transported through conduits in exceedingly large quantities. It also involves fundamental aspects of fluid mechanics which are concerned with such diverse phenomena as the movement of silt in rivers and estuaries and the shifting of sand dunes, and with an increasing number of important commercial applications such as pipeline transport of coal, gilsonite, pulpwood and mineral ores. More recently, two-phase systems have been involved in such sophisticated developments as the operation of …  Read more

The reaction of active nitrogen with methyl chloride yielded mainly hydrogen chloride and hydrogen cyanide, together with smaller amounts of ethylene and cyanogen. The corresponding reaction with methyl cyanide yielded hydrogen cyanide as the main product, accompanied by smaller amounts of ethane and cyanogen. Plateau values were observed for the decomposition of methyl chloride and for the concomitant production of hydrogen cyanide. [...]  Read more

Two high strength alloys of copper, .12% Zr and .3% Cr, were investigated for residual resistance and transverse magnetoresistance at fields up to 10 Vs/m^2. The measurements were made at liquid nitrogen and liquid helium temperatures. The material was in the form of wire of diameter .0025 inch. For comparison purposes commercial grade copper magnet wire, #40 gauge, was also tested. The copper showed a relative increase in resistivity deltap/p of 2.5 at 10 Vs/m^2. Corresponding figures for the zirconium and chromium alloys were up to 1.0 and up to .065 respectively. This wide variation in magnetoresistance is shown to …  Read more

Pounder, E. (Supervisor)  Read more

The present study contains a calculation and discussion of meridional advection of water vapour on a daily basis across three latitude circles (65°N., 70°N., 80°N.) for the months of January and July, 1958. [...]  Read more

Of the wood used by the pulp industry, only about 50% is accounted for as the cellulose isolated from the pulping process. The other 50% is dissolved by the cooking liquors which in consequence contain carbohydrates and much lignin. In the past these liquors have been mostly discharged as waste, but nowadays much research is going into methods of recovertng these waste materials and using them industrially. [...]  Read more

The study of the rate of energy exchange in the form of heat between the various physical states of matter leads to the annual appearance of approximately one thousand papers, books and articles at the present time. It is obvious that any field producing such a voluminous literature must be divided, if possible, into a number of more specific for detailed study. The motivation for many such studies, especially when they concern chemical engineering, can be found in the development of novel processing techniques and equipment. The present investigation owes its origin to the development of the atomized suspension technique …  Read more

The purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of authority within the family organization and evaluate its effects on family relationships and personality development. Specifically, we will study the democratie family and compare it to families organized along the more traditional lines. [...] It has become increasingly clear that family authority generally and the democratie family specifically must be clarified within bath an operational and theoretical framework. It is the intent of this study to produce objective evidence which will lead to a reevaluation of what the democratie family means. We will also test a number of hypotheses …  Read more

In the nineteenth century, no one denied the value of education as a means: “to develop the mind, to give discipline and to impart the power to think," but for many years the education given to girls was somewhat lacking in these very particulars. It was then considered the duty of every young girl to marry. A working-class girl through economic necessity had her living to earn, and therefore, followed a trade, or entered a factory until she married. A middle-class girl had, however, no “work" as such to do, and spent her early years learning to appear in the …  Read more

Mental retardation is one of the largest and most challenging educational and social problems of our day. Although mental illness, cardiac disease, arthritis, and cancer are more prevalent, mental retardation appears earlier in life and “afflicts twice as many individuals as blindness, polio, cerebral palsy, and rheumatic heart disease combined…” In spite of great medical advances in the identification of causes and the development of preventive action, the fact remains that these discoveries apply only to the fringe of the total problem of mental retardation.  Read more

A study of tunnel diode reflection amplifiers is presented; special emphasis is placed on stability requirements. A dual method of impedance or admittance analysis with the Nyquist criterion is introduced. The Nyquist criterion is used to derive a new and original stability criterion for any one-port reflection amplifier. Methods of measuring the tunnel diode immittance in the amplifier frequency range are presented and discussed. The tunnel diode immittance is measured for various bias values and signal levels. The shunt tuned amplifier is analysed and investigated experimentally for 7 design variations. A new series tuned amplifier using a quarter wave length …  Read more

The observation that strychnine enhances learning was first made almost a half-century ago by Lashley (1917), but the phenomenon was not intensively studied until recently. McGaugh and his co-workers have conducted several investigations of the effect of strychnine sulphate and strychnine-like compounds on learning. They have used a variety of learning tasks, including a Lashley III alley maze, 14-unit T-maze, and successive and simultaneous discrimination problems. Doses of strychnine have varied from 0.33 mg/kg to 1.0 mg/kg. Their performance measures have included number of errors, number of trials to criterion, running speed, and the like.  Read more

Tessiarsuk (literally, 'Pretty Little Lake') has been known to the Eskimos of the Nain region of Northern Labrador for a number of generations as the habitat of a small wintering population of the Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. The first appearance in official records came as a result of the 'Blue Dolphin' expeditions of the 1950's: R.H. Backus in his publication 'The Fishes of Labrador' (1957) reports a visit to the lake on August 8, 1951, although he apparently did not enter with a boat and restricted his examination to the narrow entrance and the small fresh water tributary of the …  Read more

The production of acute uremia in the experimental animal has been achieved with much success. Various procedures that deal with its production have been described. There are articles in medical literature that have been written on the production of an asotemia or uremia that follows a chrome pattern, yet none deals with it as a process that is prolonged, gradual and sustained, maintaining the experimental animal relatively free of untoward signs and symptoms of the condition produced.  Read more

A study of vein grafts used for the relief of venous obstruction of the dog's hind leg was undertaken to find out how feasible and helpful a similar procedure would be in Post-Phlebitic Syndrome in the human. The use of vein grafts implanted into the venous system has had little attention compared to the extensive studies on arterial grafts. It has been established that grafts, both autogenous and of plastic cloth weave, have been successful in major veins such as the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. Little attention has been paid to veno-venous grafts of small caliber, and …  Read more

The literature relevant to this thesis will be discussed under four sections: 1) autonomic conditioning, 2) skeletal conditioning, 3) free operant conditioning, and 4) verbal conditioning. Although many of the studies to be reviewed have been concerned with clinical or applied problems regarding psychosis, their research design, as pointed out by Franks (1961, p. 481), has often been inadequate. Therefore, each study is given in sufficient detail to indicate the degree of caution which must be exercised in generalizing from its results.  Read more

The discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance (NAIR) in bulk matter after the World War II by Purcell (1946) led to an extension the investigation of nuclear quadrupole affects in solids. This extension is due to the fact that the nature of the quadrupole effects and their methods of observation are in general parallel to those of NMR (Dehmelt 1954). The existence of nuclear quadrupole energy levels in crystals is associated with interaction between the quadrupole moment of a given nucleus and its inhomogeneous electric field. When an external magnetic field is applied to the crystals, it is, in principle, possible …  Read more

Unlike the hydroxy derivatives of benzene, which are comparatively stable, the hydroxy derivatives of furan are unstable and tautomerize more or less completely into keto forms. For this reason the preparation of ethers and esters of hydroxyfurans presents special problems. As part of a search for general routes to these compounds, Baramki (1) studied the reactions of arylithiums, including d-furyllithiums, with dialkyl peroxides as a means of forming ethers, and Samad (2) studied reactions of diaroyl peroxides which resulted in the introduction of aroyloxy groups into aromatic nuclei. In Part I of this thesis are described experiments designed to complete …  Read more

The subject of this thesis is the work done in the Eaton Electronics Research Laboratory as a beginning of a programme of studies of double resonance. The aim of this work is to find out the conditions under which the best ENDOR signal can be obtained. A reflection cavity was used for all the results described, since the original transmission cavity developed faults. The samples used were crystals of magnesium oxide containing small amounts of cobalt impurity, present as Co++ ions. Co++ ions in MgO are known to be in surroundings of accurately cubic symmetry. Samples of 5%, 2% and …  Read more

That treatment with ionizing radiation will produce chromosomal rearrangements has been recognized ever since the classical study in Drosophila by Muller and Altenberg (1928). Studies in which treatments with ultraviolet irradiation and X-ray irradiation have been compared for the production of translocations have shown that ultraviolet irradiation produces fewer translocations than x-ray irradiation (Stadler and Sprague 1937; Stadler 1941; Emmerling 1955). In the micro-organism Aspergillus nidulans, a high frequency of chromosomal rearrangements (translocations) was round to be induced by gamma-irradiation (Tector 1961).  Read more

Nuclear reactions induced by energetic particles in complex nuclei are chiefly spallation or fission. Spallation is a phenomenon in which nucleons or clusters of nucleons are chipped off from the target nucleus. When a division of the target nucleus into two or more roughly comparable masses occurs, it is called a fission reaction. A study of the spallation or fission reactions helps in understanding the mechanisms which guide a nuclear reaction process. The present study is concerned with the nuclear reactions of tantalum with protons in the energy range 10-90 Mev. In this energy region, it is understood that a …  Read more

The effects of exercise and dietary protein level on amounts of nucleic acids and total nitrogen in livers, gastrocnamius muscles, skin samples and on serum albumin-globulin ratios or young adult rats were examined. The rats in one replicate bad been exercised intermittently prior to this test while those in two other replicates had no previous exercise. It was round that exercise imposed during this test, and the lowest protein diet both resulted in reduced serum albumin-globulin ratios. Rats exercised in this test, if exercised previously, bad greatly increased DNA, RNA, and total nitrogen in their gastrocnamius muscles. This increase did …  Read more

In this paper, we study the completeness property of some implication-negation fragments of propositional logics. By the phrase implication-negation fragment of a propositional logic, we understand the system consisting of all the theses which have implication and/or negation as their sole connectives in the said logic. This means, that we have to find a means to isolate, so to speak, all these theses and then axiomatize the resultant system. Our method of proof is by constructing a Gentzen type Sequenzen Kalkul which is strong enough to embrace all theses in the said logic. Since, Sequenzen Kalkul has a constructive character, …  Read more

This study of the Quebec general election of 1962 is undertaken in the conviction that "elections are of fundamental importance in any democratic society, constituting almost the only occasions when the power of the citizen is brought to b ear directly and formally upon his rulers.” General elections, in a democracy, decide who is to rule and on what terms; every general election, therefore, is a potential turning point in national history. For this reason, if for no other, psephology is an important part of political science. Elections have been analyzed in several ways, the researcher's choice of method depending …  Read more

The applicability of the Curtis-Godson Approximation to calculations of infrared heating due to the 9.6-micron band of ozone is investigated. Satisfactory results are obtained at the bottom and top of the ozone layer while, at intermediate heights, the Approximation is not so successful. An explanation of this pattern is obtained by a crude application of criteria suggested by Plass (1960). With routine calculations made feasible by the use of the Approximation, the affect on heating rates of the distribution of ozone and temperature is investigated. The former appears as the more critical of the two parameters. A chart constructed for …  Read more

Ces dernieres années, de grands progrès ont été réalisés dans l'étude de la systématique et de la biologie des grillons des champs ou grillons champêtres. Ceux-ci font partie du genre Gryllus, pris dans un sens large. Le genre Gryllis a fait l'objet d 1une récente révision due à Chopard (1961). Cet auteur a reclassé les espèces de ce groupe en neuf genres, en se basant principalement sur des caractéristiques morphologiques de 1’appareil copulateur male.[…] Le présent travail a pour objectif de contribuer, par l'étude de certaines particularités biologiques et par des croisements de laboratoire, au développement d’une meilleure compréhension non …  Read more

The subject of statistics is concerned with making decisions or inferences about a given population from a representative sample of the population. Whenever data has been collected for such a purpose, it may be necessary or desirable to subject it to a critical examination to decide whether or not the sample is representative of the population in question so that any conclusions will be valid. The results of such an inspection may lead one to suspect the consistency of the sample, to feel that certain observations have been subject to abnormal errors of some kind and thus that the data, …  Read more

"En tout état de cause je choisirais de vivre aujourd'hui, en ce moment!" Voilà la réponse de Michel de Saint-Pierre à un journaliste qui l'interrogeait pour savoir à quel moment de l'Histoire il voudrait vivre. Homme d'action, être de passion tout entier dans ses haines et ses amours, ce romancier du demi-siècle désire de tout son cœur nous raconter l'histoire de notre époque - ses batailles, ses progrès, ses triomphes. Car, pour lui, son roman n’est qu'une histoire qu'il raconte aux autres après l'avoir en quelque sorte vécue lui-même.  Read more

Reed, R. (Supervisor)  Read more

The reader of modern statistical literature will, in many areas of science, frequently come across a random variable that is said to have a "Poisson distribution"; or the random variable may be described as one that obeys the "Poisson Law". Before commencing a study of the properties and structure of the Poisson distribution, it will be interesting and instructive to examine some of the early literature on the subject. By the year 1914 many writers had independently discovered the probability distribution. However, the name by which it is now known is, properly, that of the initial discoverer.  Read more

For many years evidence has been accumulating from the Canadian Arctic that changes have taken place in the relative level of land and sea incidental to the growth and dispersion of the Pleistocene ice sheets. The effect of this glaciation was two-fold. The growth of the ice sheets led to a depression of the earth’s crust beneath the glaciated areas and to also resulted in a world-wide lowering of sea level, while the disappearance of the continental ice sheets resulted in an eustatic rise of sea level and an isostatic uplift of the depressed land areas. Flint estimates that the …  Read more

In this thesis we study the group ring of an arbitrary group over an associative ring with unit element. Classically the group ring studied was that of a finite group over a field, and with the introduction of group characters a number of theorems on finite groups were derived from the theory of the group ring. (See, for example, M. Hall, The theory of groups, chapter 16). For the general group ring considered here, which allows in particular infinite groups, no such application can be claimed as yet, perhaps because the basic theory has not been sufficiently developed.  Read more

This thesis describes the evolution of a research design intended to explore an ethnically heterogeneous, mobile, lower socioeconomic population of an area in downtown Montreal. The work culminated in the development, pretest and analysis of an interview schedule. The following variables are incorporated in this schedule: the independent variables are household predicaments inferred from issues in food, clothing, health and occupation; the dependent variable is the householder's ability to cape with predicaments arising from the need to satisfy these requirements in the maintenance of a household. Degrees of predicaments are to be assessed by their effect on role performance (role …  Read more