McGill University Theses and dissertations by author name (F)

Public interest in occupational wage differentials has been overshadowed for a long time by the larger all-embracing debate on the equitable distribution of national income. However, both on the basis of equity and incentive, the issue of what kind of wage structure there should be, and the place of each occupation inside this wage structure is as important as the giant one of the relative shares of 'labour' and 'capital'. It is important to those that make up the work force, to their morale and their will to function effectively.  Read more

One of the presumed consequences of the growing ascendency of population aging on social reforms and political discourses in Europe is a generalized uneasiness with old age in the welfare state. Drawing on the fourth wave of the European Social Survey, this thesis seeks to map out perceptions of old age across European welfare states. It argues that the welfare states theory can be a useful comparative tool to explain both individual perceptions of old age and intergenerational patterns found on European soil. Results show that the effect of welfare state types on individual perceptions is largely insignificant; rather, a …  Read more

CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family that is expressed on activated T lymphocytes. Previous studies have reported both costimulatory and coinhibitory roles for this glycoprotein in T cell activation and effector functions. We have used a Ceacam1-/- mouse model to further explore this paradox. We demonstrate that CEACAM1 is not involved in T cell development or in migration of these lymphocytes to peripheral lymphoid organs. In vitro, CEACAM1 was observed to play an inhibitory role on T lymphocytes as it limits T cell proliferation in response to T cell receptor-specific antibodies …  Read more

Between the 1950s and 1970s, tens of thousands of Greek immigrants settled in Montreal, growing the city's pre-existing Greek community and its institutions. The grandchildren of the immigrants from this wave of migration are now young adults, many of whom still participate in Greek cultural activities, most notably Greek dancing. Through interviews with Greek immigrants who arrived in Canada in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s and third-generation Greek Canadians, this thesis analyzes how members of the Greek diaspora in Montreal use dance to maintain Greek cultural identity while far removed from the homeland. It argues that, compared to other factors …  Read more

The work in this thesis is dedicated to creating and manipulating topological states of matter in condensed matter systems through the use of external fields. In particular, the research in this dissertation is focused on topological superconductors and topological insulators. These states of matter are of interest because of their unique edge-states. In a topological superconductor the edge-states are Majorana modes and have potential applications in quantum computation. Meanwhile, in a topological insulator the edge-states amount to counter propagating, helical channels with interesting transport and photo-voltaic properties. Topological states of matter are also of interest for more fundamental reasons. This …  Read more

Récemment, une région d'intérêt en la recherché de la matière condensée est le recherche pour les "Majorana Fermions". Les physiciens sont fascinés avec cette particule pour des raisons fondamentales et pratiques. Fondamentalement, une particule se comporte comme un Majorana Fermion n'a jamais été trouvée avant. Pratiquement, un Majorana Fermion pourrait être utilisé pour la construction d'un ordinateur quantique. Dans les dernières années, les chercheurs ont commencé à chercher pour des Majorana Fermions dans les supraconducteurs. En particulier, les supraconducteurs topologiques sont crus de supportes les Majorana Fermions dans leur vortex cores et de ce fait des nombreux dispositifs supraconducteurs topologiques …  Read more

Aucun psychologue de race ne peut négliger les Juifs - les Juifs, leur lutte pour la vie et leur exil éternel. Cette race a donné à Jérôme et Jean Tharaud, chercheurs patients des idées primitives et anciennes, des sujets pour la plupart de leurs livres. Ils écrivent d'observation personelle de la race juive, particuliérement les Juifs de l'Europe centrale, qui sont les principaux personages de leurs oeuvres. Ainsi, "les Juifs errants, dans leur installation précaire en Europe, avec leur inquiète pensée toujours orientée vers Jérusalem, à travers d'incertaines conditions d'existence, appraissent pour la première fois dans la littérature française." Comment …  Read more

From 1940 through 1943, British grand strategy was shaped by a broad consensus, generally accepted and understood in the central direction of the war. This consensus was based on the assumption of relative weakness, and was expressed by what may be termed the "wear down" approach: "to knock out the props" from under Axis military power by a combination of blockade, bombing, raids, subversion and sabotage, and peripheral campaigns. An ultimate direct assault would only be launched after enemy power had visibly declined. The balance, emphasis, and specific thrust of this outline changed; its essence did not. Even as a …  Read more

Pigment microparticles (microspheres) were prepared by spray drying carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals, cCNC, combined with cationic polyelectrolytes, and anionic dye molecules in water. This sustainable approach to naturally sourced pigments conforms to many of the tenets of green chemistry and engineering. The pigments were prepared from three FD&C anionic dyes. Dye binding was assisted by attraction to a cationic polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) formed between PDDA and cCNC. Hues of green, orange and purple were prepared by binary competitive coadsorption of these dyes. When dispersed by ultrasound, the PEC yielded well- dispersed suspensions of charge inverted nanocrystals, cCNC+. The PEC “platform” was …  Read more

This study is based on the thesis that all education should be liberal in curriculum, method, instruction, and administration. It should mean full development- physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual- of free men guided by free men. Its foundation should be the ideal of all true faiths and of democracy itself, viz, duty towards God, and a Vision of Greatness and duty towards one’s neighbour, as a goal of unselfish service. It should practice Greek philosophy in striving for knowledge as Goodness, found in all true Religion; as Beauty, learned through the Arts; as Truth, found in Science, as well as …  Read more

Guichard, Frederic (Supervisor2)  Read more

L'objectif de cette étude qualitative était de mieux comprendre les croyances et les pratiques des éducateurs en service (enseignants et conseillers pédagogiques) concernant l'enseignement de la lecture dans le système scolaire anglophone du Québec. La recherche dans le domaine de l'enseignement de la lecture montre généralement que les enseignants n'ont pas les connaissances nécessaires pour enseigner efficacement la lecture ou qu'ils utilisent des pratiques d'enseignement de la lecture qui ne reflètent pas ce qui est recommandé par les données de recherche. Pour examiner les croyances et les pratiques des éducateurs en enseignement de la lecture au Québec, un sondage a …  Read more

Due to the nature of survey design, the estimation of parameters associated with small areas is extremely problematic. In this study, techniques for the estimation of small area proportions are proposed and implemented. More specifically, empirical Bayes estimation methodologies, where random effects which reflect the complex structure of a multi-stage sample design are incorporated into logistic regression models, are derived and studied. The proposed techniques are applied to data from the 1950 United States Census to predict local labor force participation rates of females. Results are compared with those obtained using unbiased and synthetic estimation approaches. Using the proposed methodologies, …  Read more

This thesis seeks to understand how the built environment and surrounding land use affect variations in near-roadway air pollution. In particular, two air pollutants are investigated: ultrafine particles (UFP) and black carbon (BC). Specifically, the study explores this question in the context of urban cycling. That is, how do factors such as traffic, buildings, and cycling infrastructure affect the concentration of air pollution to which cyclists are exposed?These answers are sought by way of a large-scale environmental monitoring campaign on the Island of Montreal during the summer of 2012. The campaign is comprised of two components: a mobile measurement portion …  Read more

Le traitement prosocial par les pairs est une expérience courante chez les jeunes et la recherche démontre qu’il joue un rôle critique dans le développement de la santé émotive. Cependant, il existe peu de recherche sur les types de comportements prosociaux représentatifs des interactions quotidiennes des jeunes, ainsi que sur les associations quotidiennes entre le traitement prosocial et l’ajustement émotif. La présente thèse inclut deux études employant une méthode de journal personnel, qui avancent notre compréhension des expériences quotidiennes de traitement prosocial chez les jeunes adolescents et la manière dont ces événements sont liés à l’humeur quotidienne des jeunes.L’étude 1 …  Read more

Yates, Robin (Internal/Cosupervisor2)  Read more

Approximately 10,000 tones of Hg are deposited annually as a result of anthropogenic activities. This increased Hg burden is known to have adverse neurological and reproductive effects on Common loons. A positive correlation between mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) has been reported to exist in marine mammals and various species of marine and aquatic piscivorous birds. It has been hypothesized that the Hg/Se interactions may involve in the multiple mechanisms of Hg detoxification. This study focused on the suggested Hg/Se complex that forms in association with specific proteins. Specifically, this project focuses on the nature of these interactions in different …  Read more

Depuis le début de ce nouveau siècle, le développement a subi une transformation radicale. L’amélioration du « potentiel humain » a fini par supplanter le fondamentalisme de marché qui servait auparavant de guide aux projets de développement. Cet apport en potentiel dans la théorie du développement a engendré un besoin de refonte de la relation entre le droit et le développement. Répondant à ce besoin, la présente thèse aborde les impacts de ces changements sur la conception conventionnelle de l’État de droit. Basée sur les textes fondateurs d’Amartya Sen, la présente thèse repense l’État de droit dans le troisième mouvement …  Read more

Il y a eu une tendance au début de l'IVe siècle avant notre ère qui a vu l'émergence du culte du souverain. Quand un roi mortel a été assimilé avec le divin au cours de sa vie. Malheureusement, seulement des fragmentaires incertaines survivent pour ces rois. Pourtant, nous commençons vraiment à voir une réémergence de cette idée par Alexandre le Grand. Le chemin de la divinité a commencé à prendre forme à travers lui, mais n'a pris forme que sous les successeurs d'Alexandre et l'établissement de leurs cultes.  Read more

RésuméLes progrès de la biotechnologie ont conduit au développement d'armes biologiques et de moyens de guerre génétiques. Une préoccupation important est les informations accessibles au public qui ont augmenté le risque d'attaques bioterroristes. D'un autre côté, avec les progrès de la science génétiques, l'information génétique est maintenant plus que jamais utilisée à des fins militaires. En outre, outre les questions éthiques liées au développement des armes, certaines décisions médicales qui doivent être prises en temps de guerre nécessitent des principes bioéthiques spécifiques.Cette étude suit les étapes des principes bioéthiques dans leur cheminement des directives nationales aux instruments internationaux. L'objectif est …  Read more

Dans The Temple, George Herbert utilise une foule d'images surprenantes et stimulantes pour le péché. Dans «Sin (2)», il semble adhérer à la notion théologique du mal en tant que privation ; pourtant, dans nombreux de ses poèmes, il donne au péché une présence matérielle qui mène à la fixation. Cet article établit un lien entre les représentations du péché chez Herbert et le scrupule. Il soutient qu'un malaise à l'égard de l'immatériel incite plusieurs de ses locuteurs à dépeindre leurs méfaits d'une manière qui atténue leurs inclinations scrupuleuses à rendre les réalités spirituelles visibles et mesurables. En particulier, Herbert …  Read more

Cemented rockfill, CRF, is comprised of sized aggregate mixed with various types and amounts of binder materials. This type of fill with closely controlled specifications is employed for subsequent pillar recovery and improved ground support. The goal of this study is to improve consolidated rockfill design for bulk mining methods, with Kidd Creek Mines, KCM, as a case study, from a functional and cost point of views. Cemented rockfill at KCM represents approximately 20% of the total extraction costs. Cost cutting initiatives however have to be mindful of the negative if not disastrous effects on grade, recovery, and ground stability …  Read more

Hassani, F. P. (Supervisor)  Read more

Le cancer de la tête et du cou (CHC) est la septième tumeur la plus courante dans le monde, les principaux facteurs de risque étant associés à la consommation de cigarettes et d'alcool. Cependant, les cas de CHC positifs au virus du papillome humain (VPH+) augmentent significativement, passant de 16,3 % à 72,7 % au cours des trois dernières décennies. Des études récentes ont montré que les tumeurs induites par le VPH présentent des altérations uniques du profil de méthylation de l'ADN. Dans cette étude, les altérations de la méthylation de l'ADN ont été évaluées chez les patients atteints de …  Read more

Woven fibres and yarns are generally used in the form of a laminate embedded into a matrix. However, these materials are increasingly being used in the pure and the woven form such as fabric for ballistic protection clothing and confinement chambers for jet engines. These applications have created a demand for numerical modelling of the fabrics and more in depth information about the behaviour of fibrous materials and yarns. Manufacturers of yarns usually provide some quasistatic material parameters for the single fibre form of the material. However, this information cannot be scaled up linearly for a yarn consisting of many …  Read more

Rousseau, Marie-Claude (Supervisor2)  Read more

Nicolau, Belinda Farias (Supervisor2)  Read more

Les objectifs globaux de cette thèse sont les suivants: (1) examiner dans quelle mesure l'apport total en protéines et la distribution des protéines aux repas sont associés à la masse maigre (LM) et à la LM appendiculaire (aLM), et à leurs changements sur 2 ans; (2) examiner la relation transversale et longitudinale entre la distribution de l'apport en protéines aux repas et la performance physique; et 3) étudier l'association entre la consommation totale de produits laitiers et les changements dans la composition corporelle et la performance physique sur 3 ans, en utilisant la base de données NuAge (Étude longitudinale québécoise …  Read more

Russell Steele (Supervisor2)  Read more

Background: Researchers and clinicians have stressed the importance of indentifying individuals with an intellectual disability (ID) in the criminal justice system, yet there is a lack of convenient instruments available for early screening of ID by non-professionals. Objectives: The goal of the present study was to assess the predictive validity of a screening measure for ID, the Hayes Ability Screening Index (HASI), in a correctional setting. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 324 male offenders recruited from Quebec's Regional Reception Centre of the Correctional Service of Canada compared results of the HASI with two screening subscales of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence …  Read more

Dasgupta, Keshav (Supervisor2)  Read more

L'espace-temps de Sitter asymptotique (dS) est une géométrie fascinante en raison de l'expansion accélérée de notre univers, aussi bien dans son histoire primordiale que dans sa phase tardive. Dans cette thèse, nous étudions l’espace-temps de Sitter en utilisant deux approches distinctes.Dans la première partie, nous analysons l’espace-temps de Sitter du point de vue des propriétés universelles de la gravité ainsi que de certains principes holographiques. Nous nous concentrons sur les trous noirs de Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) et examinons leur structure causale. Nous mettons en évidence un changement significatif dans la structure causale en présence d’un trou noir par rapport à …  Read more

The Deoband School (India ) has been, throughout its existence, an orthodox religious movement professing its loyalties, with some puritanical tinge, to the Hanafi school of Muslim fiqh. Politically, till 1947 it upheld the tradition of being vehemently anti-British and has been 'nationalist' through and through. Whatever it has done, it claims to have done it for the cause of Islam and the welfare of the Muslim community. [...]  Read more

The dawn of the nineteenth century saw the East India Company emerge as the major political power in India. Not only was the power of the Mughal Empire broken but also most of the independent principalities that had come into existence as a result of its dismemberment were subjugated by the British. In 1799 Tipu Sultan (1750-1799) was defeated and killed and his territory annexed. Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and a major part of the United Provinces had already passed into the control of the foreigners. Oudh was a British ally and Hyderabad was virtually ruled by a British resident.  Read more

Elhachmi, Essadiqi, (Supervisor2)  Read more

Laplante, A. R. (Supervisor)  Read more

The development of 5G technology was not only aimed at improving mobile broadband but also at providing connectivity to support demanding requirements, such as higher data rates, more connections, lower latency, and higher reliability. As the number of devices increases, different entities will be required to share the time-frequency resources, making an intelligent design of resource allocation necessary to manage interference and meet the requirements for emerging applications. Traditional optimization algorithms, used in the previous cellular generations, can become less effective for highly-mobile environments that are complex and experience frequent changes in channel conditions. Furthermore, they usually have a high …  Read more

La réduction électrochimique du dioxyde de carbone (CO2RR) est une approche prometteuse pour transformer un gaz à effet de serre abondant en produits chimiques et en carburants à valeur ajoutée, tout en contribuant à lutter contre le changement climatique et en permettant le stockage des énergies renouvelables. Parmi les divers produits réactionnels possibles, les espèces multi-carbone (C2+), telles que l’éthylène et l’éthanol, sont particulièrement recherchées en raison de leur densité énergétique plus élevée, de leur valeur marchande et de leur pertinence industrielle. Cependant, atteindre une sélectivité et une efficacité élevées vers les produits C2+ demeure un défi majeur, en raison …  Read more

La libération de protéines par le pancréas exocrine du rat a été stimulée in vitro par le carbachol ou l'AMP cyclique dibutyrylé (DBC); la sécretion occasionnée par la combinaison de ces deux agents est plus grande que la somme de leurs effets respectifs. L'effet du carbachol ou du DBC, seuls ou combinés, est dépendant de la concentration extracellulaire de calcium, bien que la libération de protéines soit augmentée par la combinaison carbachol plus DBC à faibles concentrations de calcium extracellulaire. Le manganèse ou le lanthanum inhibent la sécrétion stimulée par le carbachol, ou le carbachol plus DBC, à concentrations optimales …  Read more

The diversity of Brachycera (Diptera) was studied in an old growth beech-sugar maple forest at Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec. Sampling was carried out weekly from early May to late September 2001 using a malaise trap, pan traps, a newly designed trunk trap and sweep netting. Almost 10,000 specimens from 45 families and over 334 species were collected. The most diverse families were Empididae (43 species), Tachinidae (39 species), Syrphidae (35 species) and Dolichopodidae (24 species). Collecting techniques were compared, with particular reference to the trunk trap designed for this study. NMDS ordination showed that a different Diptera assemblage was collected …  Read more

The goals of this study were to determine the proportion of children that were identified in the 2005 & 2006 at one youth protection agency as victims of sexual abuse or as at risk of becoming victims; to describe the family members and offenders and to determine what decisions concerning treatment and restrictions of contact were consistent with a model of best practice. Information on 18 variables was collected and grouped into child, abuse, offender, and agency response categories. In total, 70 children or about 3% of investigated cases involved either victims or children at risk of sexual abuse. Best …  Read more

A growing number of studies have shown that attempts to re-gain control over Indigenous identities attacked by colonialism, sometimes referred to as “decolonizing strategies” result in better mental health outcomes for Indigenous people (Chandler & Lalonde, 2008; Cornell & Kalt, 2007). However, this phenomenon has been less studied among urban Indigenous populations. Urban youth are of particular interest because they may be most at risk of grappling with their cultural identities due to the fact that they may not have the opportunity to come into contact with elders, extended family or community members to pass down cultural and spiritual practices, …  Read more

Ferguson, John-Paul (Supervisor1)  Read more

This thesis argues that non-argumentational strategies of persuasion in the major-length speeches of Jesus in the Gospel of Mark account for a considerable part of the author's intended persuasive effect. Gospel criticism has typically read these speeches as deposits of possible authentic words of Jesus, as evidence of Christology or as links in the plot of Mark's narrative while rhetorical criticism of the Gospels has focused upon Jesus' shorter utterances as argumentation within episodes. However, the speeches are not consistently logical or argumentational and they stand out in the larger narrative as extended stretches of Jesus' voice. Treating the four …  Read more

Biomedical devices developed for detection, sorting and in vitro culture of cells are important tools in both clinical diagnostics and fundamental research. Recently, with the advances in miniaturization, Lab-on-Chip (LOC) devices have started to play an important role in detection and enrichment of rare cells. Since they do not alter the properties of target cells, label-free methods are a suitable option for cell separation. This dissertation focused on two main label-free approaches, namely adhesion-based and size-based and several novel microchips were introduced for separation of target cells using both size-based and adhesion-based approaches. The first device a multilayered, fully thermoplastic-based …  Read more