Résumés
Abstract
Elitism has been an issue in Canadian French immersion since its inception. This study examines how two racially diverse Ontarian school boards and Ontario French immersion policy, curricula, and other related documents construct and support an elite student within the immersion program. The elite student who emerged from immersion documents is a White, middle-class, English, established resident, mirroring the current demographics of the program. A middle-class bias emerged within the documents due to an assumed wealth, and lack of financial assistance, transportation and promotional materials. The program locations themselves favoured the middle-class. The curricula demonstrated a Eurocentric focus and colonial lens. In the documents of this study, it was assumed that parents had functional knowledge of English and French. Program entry-points favoured established residents over newcomers. Given its evident elitism, there has been a shift toward inclusion, particularly for students with special education needs and English language learners. However, this inclusion has yet to be critically enacted.
Keywords:
- French immersion,
- critical policy analysis,
- French as a second language,
- race,
- special education,
- English language learners,
- socioeconomic status
Résumé
L’élitisme est un concerne dans le programme canadien de l’immersion française depuis son lancement. Cette étude examine comment deux conseils scolaires ontariens et multiraciaux et les politiques, le programme d’études, et d’autres documents ontariens d’immersion française construisent et soutiennent un élève d’élite dans le programme d’immersion. L’élève d’élite qui émerge des documents est blanc, d’une classe moyenne, anglophone et un résident établi, ce qui reflète les données démographiques actuelles du programme. Un biais envers la classe moyenne s’est émergé dans les documents à cause d’une richesse présupposée et un manque d’assistance financier, du transport et de matériaux promotionnels. Les programmes se trouvent dans les quartiers de classe moyenne. Le programme d’études démontre un focus eurocentriste et colonial. Dans les documents de cette étude, on suppose que les parents ont une connaissance fonctionnelle de l’anglais et du français. Les points d’entrée du programme donnent préférence aux résidents établis au lieu des immigrés récents. En vue de son élitisme évident, on voit un changement vers l’inclusion, surtout pour les élèves avec des besoins spéciaux et les apprenants de l’anglais langue seconde. Cependant, cette inclusion n’est pas encore mise en pratique de façon critique.
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