Résumés
Résumé
Cet article étudie la relation entre les aménités territoriales en mettant l’accent sur la dotation en patrimoine culturel et naturel, mais aussi sur le score d’efficience technique de 87 ports de croisière du bassin méditerranéen. Le tout, en ayant pour objectif de fournir une définition empirique de l’arrière-pays touristique des ports. Pour ce faire, une analyse en deux étapes a été réalisée, combinant une approche non paramétrique d’analyse par enveloppement des données (DEA) et une régression bootstrap tronquée. Les résultats de la première révèlent que, sur la totalité des ports de l’échantillon étudié, seulement cinq sont efficients. Puis lors de la seconde étape, les résultats montrent que la dotation patrimoniale, tant culturelle que naturelle, a un impact positif sur l’efficience technique des ports de croisière, avec un effet plus diffus sur le territoire pour les monuments culturels que pour les réserves naturelles. Le patrimoine culturel inscrit sur la liste de l’Unesco situé jusqu’à 60 kilomètres affecte les ports contre 20 kilomètres pour le patrimoine naturel. Ces résultats contribuent à une meilleure compréhension du secteur et peuvent aider les décideurs dans leur stratégie de développement.
Mots-clés :
- Efficience,
- Tourisme,
- Croisière,
- Modèle DEA,
- Méditerranée
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between territorial amenities, focusing on cultural and natural heritage endowment, and the technical efficiency score of 87 cruise ports in the Mediterranean basin, with the aim of providing an empirical definition of the ports’ tourist hinterland. To achieve this goal, a two-stage analysis was carried out, combining a non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach and truncated bootstrap regression. The results of the first stage revealed that only five ports in the sample were efficient. In the second stage, the results show that heritage endowment, both cultural and natural, has a positive impact on the technical efficiency of cruise ports, with a more diffuse effect over the territory for cultural monuments than for nature reserves. Unesco-listed cultural heritage located up to 60 kilometers away affects ports, compared with 20 kilometers for natural heritage. These results contribute to a better understanding of the sector and can help decision-makers in their development strategies.
Keywords:
- Efficiency,
- Tourism,
- Cruising,
- DEA Model,
- Mediterranean
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