Résumés
Abstract
Centered around concerns of climate change, energy security, and the need for low-cost clean electricity, many jurisdictions that have access to maritime areas are developing offshore wind energy. The province of Nova Scotia, Canada – home to some of the strongest offshore wind resources in the world – is one such place. Yet before development, governments need to listen, understand, and respond to the views of a diverse set of stakeholders, and affected publics. Using online and in-person open house comments, this exploratory study was conducted to determine the level and type of socio-political acceptance during the initial planning stages of offshore wind energy in Nova Scotia. Content analysis revealed that many people who participated in these consultations were initially ambivalent/unclear (with more opposed than supportive) – with regard to offshore wind energy. Consultees most opposed were Indigenous peoples/representatives, members of the general public, and Non-Government Organizations (NGOs). Thematic analysis identified six main themes, with the most referenced being concerns around biodiversity impacts and general environmental concerns. We close the paper with a discussion of the broader implications of our work, including relevance to future research, planning, and policy.
Keywords:
- offshore wind energy,
- planning,
- social acceptance,
- Canada
Résumé
Pour répondre aux enjeux climatiques et de sécurité énergétique ainsi qu'à la nécessité de disposer d'une électricité propre à faible coût, de nombreuses régions côtières se lancent aujourd'hui dans l'éolien en mer. La province de Nouvelle-Ecosse au Canada, dotée d'un potentiel éolien en mer parmi les plus importants au monde, est l'une d'entre elles. Cependant, les gouvernements se doivent d'écouter, de comprendre et de répondre aux attentes et opinions du public avant tout développement de l'éolien en mer. Le but de cet article exploratoire est d'évaluer le niveau et le type d'acceptabilité de l'éolien en mer en Nouvelle-Ecosse lors des toutes premières étapes de la planification éolienne. L'article s'appuie sur l'analyse de commentaires déposés en ligne ou exprimés en personne au cours de journées portes ouvertes. Une analyse de contenu révèle d’abord que les personnes qui ont participé à ces consultations étaient initialement ambivalentes/peu claires (avec plus d'opposition que de soutien) en ce qui concerne l'énergie éolienne en mer. Les groupes les plus opposés étaient les peuples/représentants Autochtones, le grand public et les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG). Ensuite, une analyse thématique identifie six thèmes principaux autour desquels s'articulent les commentaires. Les plus référencés sont les impacts de l'éolien en mer sur la biodiversité ainsi que ses impacts environnementaux plus larges. L'article conclut par une discussion des implications plus générales de ces résultats pour la recherche, la planification et l'élaboration des politiques publiques autour de l'éolien en mer.
Mots-clés :
- énergie éolienne en mer,
- planification,
- acceptabilité sociale,
- Canada
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