Résumés
Résumé
La prévalence du tabagisme chez les individus souffrant de schizophrénie est élevée. Ceux-ci sont plus susceptibles d’être de gros fumeurs et de présenter une dépendance à la nicotine. Chez les schizophrènes, la nicotine corrige certaines anomalies neurophysiologiques comme les déficits de filtrage sensoriel. La normalisation de ces paramètres est liée à la stimulation d’un récepteur nicotinique particulier, le récepteur alpha-7. La prise d’antipsychotiques peut à la fois influencer le profil tabagique des personnes souffrant de schizophrénie et être influencée par le tabagisme. En effet, la fumée générée par la combustion du tabac induit le métabolisme de plusieurs antipsychotiques. La nicotine peut également atténuer certains effets indésirables liés à la prise de cette classe de médicaments. Tous ces éléments font foi des liens particuliers qui unissent la schizophrénie et son traitement au tabagisme.
Mots-clés:
- tabagisme,
- schizophrénie,
- nicotine,
- récepteur alpha-7,
- antipsychotiques
Abstract
The prevalence of tobacco use among individuals suffering from schizophrenia is high. They tend to be heavy smokers and suffer from nicotine dependence. In schizophrenics, nicotine corrects certain neurophysiological anomalies such as sensory gating deficits. Normalization of these parameters is related to the stimulation of a specific nicotinic receptor, alpha-7. Antipsychotic drugs may have an influence on the tobacco use profile of persons suffering from schizophrenia and be influenced by its use. The smoke created by the combustion of tobacco affects the metabolism of several antipsychotic drugs. Nicotine may also attenuate certain undesirable effects related to taking this class of medication. All these elements indicate special links uniting schizophrenia and its treatment with tobacco use.
Keywords:
- tobacco use,
- schizophrenia,
- nicotine,
- alpha-7 receptor,
- antipsychotics
Resumen
La prevalencia del tabaquismo en individuos que sufren de esquizofrenia es elevada. Estas personas son más susceptibles de ser grandes fumadores y de presentar una dependencia a la nicotina. En los esquizofrénicos, la nicotina corrige ciertas anomalías neurofisiológicas, como los déficits de filtrado sensorial. La normalización de estos parámetros está ligada a la estimulación de un receptor nicotínico particular, el receptor alfa-7. La toma de antipsicóticos puede influir en el perfil tabáquico de las personas que sufren esquizofrenia y ser, al mismo tiempo, influenciada por el tabaquismo. En efecto, el humo generado por la combustión del tabaco induce el metabolismo de numerosos antipsicóticos. La nicotina puede, asimismo, atenuar ciertos efectos indeseables relacionados con la toma de esta clase de medicamentos. Todos estos elementos dan fe de las relaciones particulares que unen la esquizofrenia y su tratamiento con el tabaquismo.
Palabras clave:
- Tabaquismo,
- Esquizofrenia,
- Nicotina,
- receptor alfa-7,
- antipsicóticos
Parties annexes
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