Résumés
Résumé
Problématique et objectif
Les hommes gais et bisexuels consomment davantage de drogues que leurs pairs hétérosexuels. Cependant, peu d’études ont analysé les liens entre l’ensemble des dimensions du vécu homosexuel et la consommation problématique de drogues. L’objectif de cette étude est de décrire et de comprendre les interrelations entre certaines dimensions du vécu homosexuel et les trajectoires de consommation de substances psychoactives (SPA) chez les hommes gais et bisexuels.
Méthodologie
Une étude qualitative reposant sur une perspective interactionniste symbolique a été effectuée. Des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été menées auprès de 35 hommes gais/bisexuels, ayant une consommation problématique de SPA, âgés de 18 ans et plus, nés au Canada et habitant le grand Montréal. Une analyse thématique a été effectuée.
Résultats
Les trajectoires addictives et le vécu homosexuel chez les hommes gais et bisexuels s’entrecroisent à différents moments. En effet, les difficultés relatives à l’acceptation de l’orientation sexuelle, le rejet et la stigmatisation, la rencontre des pairs, les relations affectives et sexuelles et la socialisation dans le milieu gai modulent, de façon bidirectionnelle, l’initiation à la consommation de substances ainsi que les variations de celle-ci.
Discussion
Les résultats montrent la nécessité de favoriser un environnement social favorable au développement de l’identité relative à l’orientation sexuelle. En termes de prévention de la consommation problématique de SPA et de la prise en charge des personnes vivant ces problèmes, il est nécessaire d’intégrer les différentes dimensions du vécu homosexuel.
Mots-clés :
- trajectoires addictives,
- trajectoires de vie gaie,
- hommes gais/bisexuels,
- méthodologie qualitative,
- sexualité,
- comportements sexuels à risque,
- VIH/ITSS
Abstract
Background and objective
Gay and bisexual men use more psychoactive substances than their heterosexual peers do. However, few studies have analyzed the links between all the dimensions of the gay life-course experience and problematic substance use (SU). The objective of this study is to describe and understand the interrelations between certain dimensions of the gay life-course experience and SU trajectories of gay and bisexual men.
Methods
A qualitative study based on a symbolic interactionist perspective was conducted. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 gay/bisexual men whose use of psychoactive substances was problematic, and who were 18 years of age or more, born in Canada and living in the Greater Montreal area. A thematic analysis was performed.
Results
For gay and bisexual men, SU trajectories and the gay life-course experience intersect at various points in time: when they discover and accept their homoerotic desires; when they engage in sexual experimentation; when they meet a sexual/romantic partner or are in a couple relationships; and when they socialize in the gay community, notably in sexualized social settings. According to them, SU in these settings is trivialized, or even encouraged.
Discussion
The results show the need to foster a supportive social environment for the development of sexual orientation identity. In terms of preventing problematic substance use and offering sensitive services for people living with these problems, it is necessary to integrate the different dimensions of the gay life-course experience.
Keywords:
- addiction trajectories,
- gay life-course experience,
- gay/bisexual men,
- qualitative methodology,
- sexuality,
- sexual risk behaviors,
- HIV/STBBI
Resumen
Problemática y objetivos
Los hombres gays y bisexuales consumen más drogas que sus pares heterosexuales. Sin embargo, pocos son los estudios que han analizado el vínculo entre el conjunto de dimensiones de la vivencia homosexual y el consumo problemático de drogas. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir y comprender las interrelaciones entre ciertas dimensiones de la vivencia homosexual y las trayectorias de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas entre los hombres gays y bisexuales.
Metodología
Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo que reposa en una perspectiva interaccionista simbólica. Se realizaron entrevistas semidirigidas con 35 hombres gays y bisexuales que tenían un consumo problemático de sustancias psicoactivas, de 18 años o más, nacidos en Canadá y que viven en la región metropolitana de Montreal. Se efectuó un análisis temático.
Resultados
Las trayectorias adictivas y la vivencia homosexual entre los hombres gays y bisexuales se entrecruzan en diferentes momentos. En efecto, las dificultades relativas a la aceptación de la orientación sexual, el rechazo y la estigmatización, el encuentro entre pares, las relaciones afectivas y sexuales y la socialización en el medio gay modulan, de manera bidireccional, la iniciación al consumo de sustancias, así como las variaciones de estas.
Discusión
Los resultados muestran la necesidad de favorecer un medio ambiente social favorable al desarrollo de la identidad relativa a la orientación sexual. En cuanto a la prevención del consumo problemático de sustancias psicoactivas y a la atención de las personas que viven este problema, es necesario integrar las diferentes dimensiones de la vivencia homosexual en estos servicios.
Palabras clave:
- trayectorias adictivas,
- vivencia homosexual,
- hombres gay/bisexuales,
- métodos cualitativos,
- sexualidad,
- comportamientos de riesgo,
- VIH/infecciones transmisión sexual
Parties annexes
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