Résumés
Résumé
Cadre de recherche : L’écart générationnel grandissant entre les parents et adolescents a retenu l’attention des chercheurs depuis les années 1920. L’augmentation de cet écart a souvent été attribuée au rôle croissant des médias et des pairs dans la vie des adolescents.
Objectifs : Les changements dans le rôle joué par les parents, les médias et les pairs dans la vie des adolescents sont examinés à la lumière de leur gestion du temps. Les données sur l’emploi du temps documentent le rôle déclinant des parents, mais montrent également que des stratégies constructives de la gestion du temps peuvent aider les parents à conserver et à renforcer leur rôle dans le développement intellectuel et affectif de leurs adolescents.
Méthodologie : Les données proviennent de l’Enquête sociale générale menée par Statistique Canada (ESG) (1986 à 2005) et de l’Enquête ontarienne sur l’emploi du temps et le bien-être des adolescents de 2003 (OATUS). Les relations entre l’utilisation du temps des adolescents et le bien-être émotionnel sont contrôlées pour l’âge, le sexe et les antécédents familiaux.
Résultats : Malgré l’élargissement de l’écart de communication et d’attitude entre les adolescents et les parents au cours des dernières décennies, la situation n’est pas irrémédiable. Les analyses des données d’OATUS suggèrent que les stratégies indirectes, soulignant l’importance des routines et des relations familiales, ont des impacts plus importants sur les performances scolaires et la qualité de vie des adolescents que les règles domestiques, les interventions verbales ou les contrôles comportementaux sporadiques.
Conclusions : La conservation de l’influence parentale sur les adolescents s’effectue peut-être davantage par « osmose » des valeurs et des habitudes. En effet, le partage des valeurs familiales, des activités communes et la capacité parentale à servir de modèle joue un rôle important dans l’influence des structures de motivation des adolescents.
Contribution : Les résultats de cette recherche appuient le fait que les performances scolaires et le bien-être émotionnel des adolescents sont fondés sur leurs routines comportementales et l’efficacité des interventions des parents.
Mots-clés :
- relation adolescent-parent,
- fossé générationnel,
- influence des pairs,
- emploi du temps,
- performance académique,
- bien-être émotionnel
Abstract
Research framework : The widening generation gap between parents and teens has occupied researchers’ attention since the 1920s. The expansion of this gap has been often attributed to the growing roles of mass media and peers in teens’ lives.
Objectives : Changes in the role played by parents, mass media and peers in the lives of teens are examined through the lens of time use. Time use data document the declining role of parents, but also show that constructive time use strategies can help parents to retain and enforce their role in teens’ intellectual and emotional development.
Methodology : Data are taken from the Canadian General Social Surveys (1986 to 2005) and the 2003 Ontario Experience Sampling Survey of Adolescents’ Time Use and Well-Being. Relationships between teens’ time use and emotional well-being are controlled for age, gender, and family background.
Results : Although the communication and attitudinal gap between teens and parents widened during the past decades, the situation is not irremediable. Analyses of OATUS data suggest that indirect strategies, emphasising the importance of time use routines and habitual inter-family relationships, affect teens’ academic performance and quality of life more profoundly than household rules, verbal interventions, or sporadic behavioural controls.
Conclusion : Perhaps the most powerful but underestimated leverage that parents have to protect their share of influence on teens is the social ‘osmosis’ of family values and practices. The seemingly imperceptible sharing of family values, joint activities, and parental ability to serve as a model play an important role in affecting teens’ motivational structures.
Contribution : The proposition that teens’ academic performance and emotional well-being are grounded in their behavioural routines, and that the effectiveness of parents’ interventions depends to a large extent on their ability to redress these routines or habits is supported by research findings.
Keywords:
- adolescent-parent relationship,
- generation gap,
- peers’ influence,
- time-use,
- academic performance,
- emotional well-being
Parties annexes
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