ror.org/02ggbdh30
Résumés
Abstract
The ability to communicate orally is important in science, but few tools assess students’ perceptions and attitude toward scientific oral communication in scientific programs. This research developed the Perceptions and attitude towards oral communication in science (PAOCS) questionnaire for postsecondary students with the theoretical model associated. A sample of 1,295 Quebec college students in a natural sciences program participated in this research, responding to the three versions of the questionnaire during the stages of its development. Principal component analyses (PCA) followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) made it possible to identify five factors for the PAOCS questionnaire: pleasure, anxiety, perceived relevance, and two aspects of self-efficacy (SEOCS), namely the Norms & Content SEOCS, which relates to the effectiveness in expressing oneself orally, and the Showmanship SEOCS , which describes rather how to be dynamic and capture the attention of the audience. The overall evaluation of the PAOCS shows that this questionnaire has good psychometric qualities and that the components obtained during the validation process support the theoretical model.
Keywords:
- perceptions,
- attitude,
- self-efficacy,
- scientific oral communication
Résumé
L’habileté à communiquer oralement est importante en sciences, mais peu d’outils évaluent les perceptions et l’attitude d’étudiants de programmes scientifiques envers la communication orale en sciences. Cette recherche propose la création, d’une part, d’un modèle théorique de la communication orale en sciences et, d’autre part, d’un questionnaire conforme à ce modèle intitulé Perceptions et attitude envers la communication orale en sciences (PACOS) pour des étudiants du postsecondaire. Un échantillon total de 1295 étudiants collégiaux québécois en sciences de la nature a participé à cette recherche en répondant aux trois versions successives du questionnaire PACOS tout au long de son élaboration. Cinq facteurs ont été identifiés par des analyses en composantes principales (ACP) et par une analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC), soit le plaisir, l’anxiété, la perception de la pertinence ainsi que deux aspects du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle lors d’une communication orale en sciences (SEPCOS) qui ont émergé lors de l’élaboration du questionnaire : le SEPCOS « normes et contenu », qui porte sur l’efficacité à bien s’exprimer oralement, et le SEPCOS « sens du spectacle », qui décrit plutôt la façon d’être et de capter l’attention du public. L’évaluation globale du PACOS montre que ce questionnaire a de bonnes qualités psychométriques et que les facteurs obtenus lors du processus de validation soutiennent le modèle théorique.
Mots-clés :
- perceptions,
- attitude,
- sentiment d’efficacité personnelle,
- communication orale en sciences
Resumen
A capacidade de comunicar oralmente é importante em ciências, mas poucas ferramentas avaliam as perceções e atitudes dos alunos em programas científicos em relação à comunicação oral em ciências. Esta investigação propõe a criação, por um lado, de um modelo teórico de comunicação oral em ciências e, por outro, de um questionário de acordo com esse modelo intitulado Perceções e atitude em relação à comunicação oral em ciência (PACOS) para estudantes do pós-secundário. Uma amostra total de 1.295 estudantes universitários de ciências naturais do Quebeque participou nesta investigação, respondendo a três versões sucessivas do questionário PACOS ao longo da sua elaboração. Cinco fatores foram identificados através de análises de componentes principais (PCA) e por uma análise fatorial confirmatória (CFA), a saber, prazer, ansiedade, perceção de relevância, bem como dois aspetos do sentimento de autoeficácia durante a comunicação oral em ciências (SEPCOS) que surgiram durante a elaboração do questionário: o SEPCOS «normas e conteúdo», que diz respeito à eficácia de se expressar oralmente, e o SEPCOS «sentido do espetáculo», que descreve antes o modo de ser e de captar a atenção do público. A avaliação global do PACOS mostra que este questionário possui boas qualidades psicométricas e que os fatores obtidos durante o processo de validação corroboram o modelo teórico.
Palavras chaves:
- percepções,
- atitude,
- senso de autoeficácia,
- comunicação oral em ciência
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