Résumés
Résumé
Hormis leurs rôles cruciaux dans la présentation antigénique aux lymphocytes T CD4+ et dans la susceptibilité de l’organisme aux maladies auto-immunes, les molécules du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité (CMH) de classe II ont la particularité d’être capables de transmettre des signaux à travers la membrane cellulaire. Ces signaux retentissent sur les diverses fonctions biologiques de ces molécules. Paradoxalement, les domaines cytoplasmiques et transmembranaires de ces molécules sont dépourvus des motifs classiques de signalisation. La mise en évidence des molécules du CMH de classe II, dans les microdomaines membranaires appelés radeaux lipidiques, enrichis en kinases et molécules adaptatrices, pourrait contribuer à élucider les mécanismes par lesquels les molécules du CMH de classe II transmettent leurs signaux.
Summary
Aside from their crucial roles in the presentation of nominal antigen to CD4+ T cells and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, substantial evidences suggest that MHC class II molecules act as signal tranducer receptors as well. The signals transmitted affect diverse biological functions. Paradoxically, the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains of these molecules are devoid of classic signaling motifs. The recent discovery of the presence of membrane microdomains, also called lipid rafts, that are enriched in kinases and adaptor molecules, may contribute to the elucidation of the mechanisms by which MHC class II molecules transmit their signals.
Parties annexes
Références
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