Résumés
Résumé
La maltraitance parentale est un facteur reconnu pour compromettre la sécurité et le développement des enfants et des adolescents, dont le parcours à l’école. L’objectif de cette recension est de faire état des travaux de recherche menés entre 2007 et 2014 qui documentent le parcours scolaire des enfants victimes de maltraitance et qui identifient les facteurs pouvant faire l’objet d’intervention préventive pour soutenir la réussite scolaire. Les constats qui émergent de ces travaux font ressortir que, dès les premières années du primaire, les enfants victimes de maltraitance sont susceptibles d’éprouver des difficultés en lecture et en mathématiques, lesquelles peuvent s’aggraver avec le temps. Pour plusieurs, ces difficultés sont prédites avant même l’entrée à la maternelle par des retards dans l’acquisition des habiletés préscolaires. En classe, les enfants victimes de maltraitance ont des difficultés cognitives, émotionnelles et comportementales qui entravent leurs capacités à gérer efficacement les situations d’apprentissage et à réussir à l’école. Enfin, des interventions pourraient cibler les parents ou les familles d’accueil afin de les aider à mieux soutenir les apprentissages des enfants et favoriser le développement des caractéristiques bénéfiques à la gestion efficace et autonome des apprentissages scolaires.
Mots-clés :
- parcours scolaire,
- maltraitance parentale,
- autorégulation,
- parent,
- enfant
Abstract
Children who are victims of parental maltreatment are at risk of various developmental problems, namely learning difficulties and academic problems. This review of the literature (2007-2014) highlights the impact of parental maltreatment on children’s school trajectories and school achievement. During preschool years, these children present deficits in school readiness which predict reading problems upon entering primary school. In primary grades, they have difficulties acquiring skills in reading and mathematics and already present lower school achievement. These difficulties tend to increase over time. These children are more likely to present cognitive, emotional and behavioural difficulties that impair their ability to cope with learning situations and succeed in school. Results suggest that intervention aimed at supporting parents or foster care parents in their capacity to work with children in learning situations may contribute to the acquisition of learning skills and greater school achievement of these children.
Keywords:
- School trajectories,
- parental maltreatment,
- self-regulation,
- parents,
- children
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Bibliographie
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