Résumés
Résumé
En France, la dimension affective de la relation enseignant-élève fait l’objet d’une controverse et les travaux en psychologie de l’éducation dans ce champ n’ont pas été intégrés aux formations d’enseignants. Pourtant, de très nombreux travaux ont montré les effets positifs pour les élèves d’une relation chaleureuse et peu conflictuelle avec l’enseignant. L’objectif de ce travail est de présenter la première synthèse francophone des résultats des études longitudinales montrant les effets de la relation affective enseignant-adolescents. Les 24 études recensées mettent en évidence des effets positifs tant scolaires qu’extrascolaires. Ces résultats sont ensuite interprétés à la lumière de la théorie de l’attachement et des systèmes comportementaux. Les perspectives de recherche et les implications pratiques de cette interprétation sont discutées en conclusion.
Mots-clés :
- Adolescence,
- attachement,
- enseignement secondaire,
- relation affective,
- relation enseignant-étudiant
Abstract
In France, there is a controversy on the affective dimension of teacher-student relationship. The field of educational psychology which deals with teacher-student relationship have not been integrated into teacher education. However, numerous studies have shown the positive effects for students of positive relationships with teachers (more closeness and less conflict). The objective of this study is to present the first French summary of the results of longitudinal studies showing the effects of the affective teacher-student relationship with adolescents. The 24 studies reviewed highlight positive academic effects and extra-school effects. These results are then interpreted in light of attachment theory and behavioral systems. In conclusion, research perspectives and practical implications are discussed.
Keywords:
- Adolescence,
- affective relationship,
- attachment,
- high school,
- teacher-student relationship
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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