Résumés
Abstract
Are students with a permanent disability more likely to drop out of post-secondary education than students without a permanent disability? Once they are out of postsecondary education, do their experiences in the labour market differ? Answers to these questions are necessary to evaluate current policies and to develop new policies.
This paper addresses these two questions using a unique data set that combines administrative records from the Canada Student Loans Program with survey responses. Our measure of permanent disability is an objective one that requires a physician’s diagnosis. The survey data supply information on the students’ education and labour market status.
Simple descriptive statistics suggest that, compared to students without a permanent disability, students with a permanent disability are equally likely to drop out of postsecondary education, but less likely to be in the labour force and more likely to be unemployed. We use propensity score matching to address potential selection into the group of students who documented their disability. The results using propensity score matching are consistent with the descriptive statistics.
Our story is one of an underpublicized success—the rising number of students with disabilities in postsecondary institutions and their equal likelihood of graduation—and a persistent problem—the continued disadvantage that people with disabilities, even those with the same educational attainment as people without disabilities, face in the labour market.
Keywords:
- postsecondary education,
- student with disability,
- dropout,
- labour market outcomes,
- unemployment
Résumé
Les étudiants affectés d’un handicap permanent sont-ils plus susceptibles d’abandonner leurs études postsecondaires que les étudiants sans incapacité permanente? Une fois leurs études postsecondaires terminées, leurs expériences sur le marché du travail diffèrent-elles? Des réponses à ces questions sont nécessaires pour évaluer les politiques actuelles et en élaborer de nouvelles.
Cet article aborde ces deux questions en utilisant un ensemble de données unique qui combine des dossiers administratifs du Programme canadien de prêts aux étudiants avec les réponses à une enquête. Notre mesure du handicap permanent est une mesure objective nécessitant le diagnostic d’un médecin. Les données de l’enquête fournissent des informations sur le niveau de scolarité de ces étudiants ainsi que leur statut sur le marché du travail.
Les statistiques descriptives simples suggèrent que, comparativement aux étudiants sans incapacité permanente, les étudiants ayant une incapacité permanente sont tout aussi susceptibles d’abandonner leurs études postsecondaires, mais moins susceptibles de se retrouver sur le marché du travail et plus susceptibles d’être sans emploi. Nous utilisons l’analyse d’appariement par score de propension pour réduire le biais potentiel de sélection dans le groupe d’étudiants avec un handicap documenté. Ces résultats sont cohérents avec les statistiques descriptives.
Notre histoire est celle d’un succès méconnu — un nombre croissant d’étudiants avec un handicap qui fréquentent les établissements postsecondaires et leurs chances égales d’obtenir un diplôme —, versus un problème persistant — les difficultés que ces derniers rencontrent, même ceux ayant le même niveau de scolarité que les personnes non handicapées, une fois sur le marché du travail.
Mots-clés:
- éducation postsecondaire,
- handicap,
- décrochage scolaire,
- situation sur le marché du travail,
- chômage
Resumen
¿Es más probable que los estudiantes con una discapacidad permanente abandonen la educación postsecundaria que los estudiantes sin discapacidad permanente? Una vez que están fuera de la educación postsecundaria, ¿difieren sus experiencias en el mercado laboral? Las respuestas a estas preguntas son necesarias para evaluar las políticas actuales y desarrollar nuevas políticas.
Este artículo aborda estas dos preguntas utilizando un conjunto único de datos que combina los registros administrativos del Programa de préstamos estudiantiles de Canadá con las respuestas de la encuesta. Nuestra medida de discapacidad permanente es objetiva y requiere un diagnóstico médico. Los datos de la encuesta proporcionan información sobre la educación de los estudiantes y el estado del mercado laboral.
Las simples estadísticas descriptivas sugieren que, en comparación con los estudiantes sin una discapacidad permanente, los estudiantes con una discapacidad permanente tienen la misma probabilidad de abandonas la educación postsecundaria, pero es menos probable que formen parte de la fuerza laboral y es más probable que estén desempleados. Usamos el apareamiento de puntajes de propensión para encarar el riesgo de selección en el grupo de estudiantes que documentaron su discapacidad. Los resultados que utilizan el apareamiento de puntajes de propensión son consistentes con las estadísticas descriptivas.
Se trata de una historia de éxito poco publicitado — la cantidad creciente de estudiantes con discapacidad en instituciones postsecundarias y su probabilidad igual de graduación —, y de un problema persistente: la continua desventaja en el mercado de trabajo que afecta a las personas con discapacidades, incluso aquellas con el mismo nivel educativo que las personas sin discapacidades.
Palabras clave:
- educación postsecundaria,
- estudiantes con discapacidades,
- abandono escolar,
- situación del mercado laboral,
- desempleo
Parties annexes
Parties annexes
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