Résumés
Résumé
Au cours des dernières décennies, une multitude de tests et d’indices ont été développés pour tenter de détecter la non-validité des résultats neuropsychologiques. Cependant, la prolifération et la popularité de ces mesures ont contribué à la perception qu’il est dorénavant possible de les utiliser pour identifier la simulation des troubles cognitifs (malingering). Dans cet article, un cadre conceptuel est présenté pour tenter de favoriser une meilleure compréhension des notions sous-jacentes et permettre une meilleure interprétation de la non-validité en expertise. Selon la présente conceptualisation, il existe deux étapes distinctes : la première consiste à discerner la non-validité des données à l’aide de méthodes psychométriques, notamment les tests de validité de performance (TVP). La deuxième requiert une décision quant à la crédibilité du tableau clinique, incluant un jugement quant à la cohérence de l’ensemble des informations cliniques. C’est seulement dans le contexte de certaines incohérences indéniables qu’il serait possible d’avancer une opinion évoquant l’amplification des problèmes cognitifs.
Mots-clés :
- expertise,
- validité des réponses,
- simulation
Abstract
Over the past few decades, a multitude of tests and indicators have been developed to attempt to detect invalid neuropsychological test findings. However, the proliferation and popularity of these measures have contributed to the impression that it is possible to use them to identify malingering. In the following, a conceptual framework is proposed to attempt to better understand the underlying issues and aid with the interpretation of response invalidity. It is proposed that this involves two distinct steps. The first involves detecting non-valid cognitive results using psychometric methods, and more specifically performance validity tests (PVTs). The second requires judgment of the non-credibility of the overall clinical picture, integrating and assessing inconsistencies among various sources. Only in the presence of compelling inconsistencies might it be possible to make an informed decision about the exaggeration of cognitive symptoms.
Keywords:
- independent medical examination,
- response validity,
- malingering
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Bibliographie
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