Résumés
Abstract
In situ fluorescence probes have attracted growing interest for the on-line monitoring of cyanobacteria in drinking water treatment plants. The probes rely on the fluorescence of pigments such as phycocyanin and chlorophyll-a to detect respectively cyanobacteria and green algae. They offer direct and simultaneous multiparameter measurements and opportunity for online monitoring which can enable water operators to improve cyanobacteria management during the drinking water process. However, fluorescence probes can be influenced by interference sources which may results in biased measurements. The impact of these factors on probe readings can make the calibration and validation process difficult for operators. Hence, the aim of the study was to calibrate and validate fluorescence probe performance (here YSI EXO2 probe) for varying laboratory grown phytoplankton species. Although good linear correlation between raw probe fluorescence readings and cyanobacteria cell concentrations was found, measurement bias was observed using this probe in water samples with high turbidity (62 NFU) or Dissolved Organic Carbon concentration (10 mg∙L-1). These data showed the potential of fluorescence probes deployment in cyanobacteria monitoring with a deeper understanding of the potential interference sources that is required to interpret data correctly.
Keywords:
- Cyanobacteria,
- fluorescence probe,
- monitoring,
- phycocyanin
Résumé
La mesure en continu de pigments spécifiques aux algues et cyanobactéries (chlorophylle-a et phycocyanine) par des sondes de fluorescence in situ peut être une réponse au besoin exprimé par les gestionnaires de plans d’eau et opérateurs de filières de traitement d’eau potable pour aider à la gestion des proliférations de microalgues. Ces sondes permettent de quantifier le nombre total de cellules d’algues vertes et de cyanobactéries grâce à la mesure de fluorescence émise par leurs pigments respectifs : chlorophylle-a et phycocyanine. L'objectif principal de cette étude était de valider l'utilisation d’une sonde de fluorescence in situ (EXO2, YSI) afin de vérifier l’impact potentiel des principales interférences de fluorescence, notamment la présence de biomasse algale (Chlorophycées), la turbidité et la matière organique. Les données produites en laboratoire ont confirmé que les sondes permettent une bonne corrélation entre la concentration cellulaire et les lectures de fluorescence. Certains paramètres de qualité d’eau tels que la turbidité (à 62 NFU) ou la teneur en carbone organique dissous (10 mg∙L-1) peuvent néanmoins influencer la prédiction de la teneur en cellules de cyanobactéries. Ces données montrent le potentiel d’utilisation des sondes de fluorescence in situ pour la surveillance des cyanobactéries, grâce au développement de recommandations qui permettront d’aider à interpréter et utiliser correctement les données issues de la surveillance en ligne.
Mots-clés :
- Cyanobactéries,
- sonde par fluorescence,
- surveillance en ligne,
- phycocyanine
Parties annexes
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